Descomyces albus (Klotzsch) Bougher & Castellano + Eucalyptus

– Item listing –

Literature

• references
  Agerer R, Beenken L, Bougher NL (2001) Descomyces albus (Klotzsch) Bougher & Castellano + Eucalyptus spec. Descr Ectomyc 5: 41-47.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate
or    monopodial-pyramidal
• tips {per 10 mm} number
8     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
17     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification orders
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
2     Maximum value
• abundance
  abundant, dense
• main axis diameter
0.15 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.15 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.15 mm    Mean (= average)
• taste {after 2-3 min chewing}
  unknown
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
• rhizomorphs presence
  absent
• exploration type
  short distance
Morphology of the unramified ends
• mantle hydrophobicity presence
  absent
• shape
  bent [slightly]
or    sinuous [slightly]
• shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
or    tapering [slightly]
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1.6 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
2 mm    Maximum value
• diameter
0.12 mm    Minimum value
0.15 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.15 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.18 mm    Maximum value
• colour
  brown [greyish brown]
or    greyish [greyish brown]
• very tip colour
  whitish
• after injury colour
  unchanged
• older parts colour
  brown
or    ochre, yellowish brown
• mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
• mantle transparency
  not transparent
• mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
• mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
• mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
  not smooth
• mantle surface {in detail} kind
  loosely woolly
• emanating hyphae presence
  present
• emanating hyphae abundance
  infrequent
• emanating hyphae distribution
  not specifically distributed
Morphology of sclerotia
• presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
• emanating elements presence-type
  emanating hyphae
or    cystidia
• emanating elements cystidia location
  on outer mantle layer
• crystals presence
  absent
• blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
• anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
• completeness
  complete
• matrix presence
  unknown
• matrix location
  unknown
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• mantle type
  hyphae arranged net-like, with prominent cystidia (type D)
• matrix kind
  unknown
• hyphae short protrusions presence
  present
• hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence
  unknown
• hyphae hyphal junctions angle {between}
  unknown
• septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  as thick as walls
• septa clamps presence
  present
• septa clamps abundance
  abundant
• cell shape
  cylindric, not constricted at septa
• cell pigment location-colour
  absent
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
• cell diameter
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
  variable
• cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm    Mean (= average)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
• pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
• presence
  present
• organisation
  plectenchymatous [sometimes appearing pseudoparenchymatous]
• matrix kind
  unknown
• hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, without pattern
• cell pigment location-colour
  colourless
• cell diameter
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Maximum value
• cell length
  unknown
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
• cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Mean (= average)
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• matrix kind
  unknown
• hyphae arrangement
  without pattern
• septa thickness
  unknown
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell pigment location-colour
  absent
• cell diameter
2 µm    Minimum value
3.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
  unknown
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  like other parts of mantle
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} matrix kind
  not gelatinous
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} hyphae diameter
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
  unknown
• calyptra cell remnants presence
  unknown
• calyptra cell remnants type
  unknown
• mantle different layers presence
  not discernable
• unlayered mantle organization
  plectenchymatous
• unlayered mantle hyphae tangentially length
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
8 µm    Maximum value

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
• presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  radially-oval to -elliptic, oriented obliquely
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
7 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
19 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
37 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
60 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
11.3 µm    Mean (= average)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
0.25     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• kind
  paraepidermal
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  roundish
or    cylindrical
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
• structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type [weakly ramified]
• lobes width
0.5 µm    Minimum value
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Maximum value
• lobes septa presence
  unknown
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
• intrahyphal hyphae presence
  unknown
• intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence
  unknown
• septal pores configuration
  unknown
• backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  unknown
• backwards-oriented clamps presence
  unknown
• anastomoses type
  closed by a simple septum, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking (contact-septum)
• anastomoses surface habit
  smooth
• anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls}
  unknown
• anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae}
  unknown
• anastomoses location
  not specified
Anatomy of cystidia

Anatomy of cystidia (type 1)
• type
  lateral, with tapering, knob-bearing, capitate outgrowth (type M)
• apical knobs number
1     Mean (= average)
• apical knobs arrangement
  symmetrically
• apical knobs shape
  globose
• apical knobs diameter
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• apical knobs length
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• apical knobs wall thickness
0.3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
1 µm    Maximum value
• apical knobs cell wall thickness {relative to cystidial body}
  unknown
• ramification presence-position
  absent
• septa presence
  present [sometimes below the globule]
• septa kind
  simple
• septa distance {between}
  unknown
• septa number
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1     Maximum value
• basal clamp walls abruptly thick
  absent
• foot cell presence
  not applicable
• diameter {proximal}
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter {distal}
  variable [lateral outgrowth (4)6-11(15) µm long, distally 1(1,5) µm wide, proximally (1,5)2-2,5 µm diam.]
• length
8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
22 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
31 µm    Maximum value
• cell wall colour
  absent
• cell wall colour {relative to mantle cells}
  unknown
• cell wall thickness
0.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall thickness {relative to mantle cells}
  unknown
• cell wall evenness
  unknown
• surface habit
  smooth
• contents presence
  absent

Anatomy of emanating hyphae
• shape
  straight
or    wavy
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
• pigment presence-distribution
  only lacking at tips
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
• presence
  present
• kind
  acute
• distance {from septum}
  unknown
• side-branches at septum number
  unknown
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae point of ramification thickness {relative to main part of branch}
  as thick as main part of branch

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
• clamps presence
  present
• clamps surface kind
  smooth
• clamps outline {in dorsal view}
  cylindric
• clamps width {relative to hypha in dorsal view}
  as broad as
• clamps outline {in lateral view}
  as a semicircle
or    more than a semicircle
or    not constricted at contact point to subtending hyphal cell
or    constricted at contact point to subtending hyphal cell
• clamps width {relative to hypha in lateral view}
  as broad as
• clamps hole presence
  absent
• clamps blister-like structure {at basis} presence
  absent

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae
• presence
  present
• abundance
  infrequent [very]
• distribution
  unknown

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
  even
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
  simple
or    tortuous, screw-like
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
85 µm    Minimum value
110 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
160 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
190 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Mean (= average)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall layers number
  unknown
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness at tip {relative to remaining cell wall}
  thinner
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall {apart from tip} evenness
  even in thickness


Anatomy of rhizomorphs

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
Anatomy of chlamydospores
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
• {of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Autofluorescence

• whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
  absent
• whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
  absent
• mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence
  present [slightly bluish, particularly thick-walled portions of cystidia]
• mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
  present [slightly greenish, particularly thick-walled portions of cystidia]
• mantle in section green-filter, 530-560 nm presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

• reaction with brillant-cresyl-blue presence
  present [slightly blue]
• reaction with FeSO4 presence
  present [mantle hyphae and tips of emanating hyphae slightly blue]
• reaction with guaiac presence
  absent
• reaction with KOH 10% presence
  present [15%: mantle slightly brownish, emanating hyphae turning from yellow to brown]
• reaction with lactic acid presence
  absent
• reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  amyloid
• amyloidity or dextrinoidity location
  patches of hyphal walls
or    septa, globular thickenings of septa
• reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  absent
• reaction with water presence
  colour changing [freshly isolated mycorrhizae become bluish during preparation]

Ecology

• substrate
  in organically enriched mineral horizon
• geographic occurrence continent
  Australia
• knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

• plant family
  Myrtaceae
• plant genus
  Eucalyptus
• plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

• family
  Bolbitiaceae
• fruitbodies growth habit
  hypogeous
or    gastroid

DNA-Analysis

• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bands number
4     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 1. band from below number
370     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 2. band from below number
130     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 3. band from below number
120     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 4. band from below number
105     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bands number
2     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 1. band from below number
350     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 2. band from below number
325     Mean (= average)

Remarks

• public notes
  EcoRI: 2x 360 bp; TaqI: 340 bp, 170 bp, 70 bp

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