Lactarius caespitosus Smith & Hesler + Abies

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Literature

• references
  Kernaghan G, Currah RS, Bayer RJ (1997) Russulaceous ectomycorrhizae of Abies lasiocarpa and Picea engelmannii. Can J Bot 75: 1843-1850.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate
• rhizomorphs presence
  present
• rhizomorphs frequency
  infrequent
Morphology of the unramified ends
• colour
  green
or    white
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
• mantle transparency
  semi-transparent, opaque
• mantle surface {in general} habit
  smooth
• emanating hyphae presence
  present
• emanating hyphae abundance
  infrequent
Morphology of rhizomorphs
• diameter
0.03 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.2 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
  concolourous to mantle
or    green
or    whitish

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
• emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
or    present
• location
  inner mantle layer
• cell length
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomical features of the mantle
• matrix presence
  present
• matrix location
  outer mantle layer {apart from tip}
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• mantle type
  gelatinous matrix between the hyphae (type C)
• matrix kind
  gelatinous
• hyphal system kind
  forked
and    with rather short, obtuse, even finger-like branches
• cell diameter
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
17 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
45 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• cell diameter
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section



Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae


Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
• clamps presence
  absent


Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)


Anatomy of rhizomorphs
• type
  slightly differentiated; central hyphae somewhat enlarged
(type C)

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
• ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

• reaction with KOH 10% presence
  absent
• reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  present

Ecology

• geographic occurrence continent
  North America
• knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

• plant family
  Pinaceae
• plant genus
  Abies
• plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

• family
  Russulaceae
• fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    pileate-lamellate

Remarks

• public notes
  Mycorrhizal ends with hyaline to olivaceous mantle; rhizomorphs olivaceous; mantle covered with a thin layer of mucilaginous material; inner mantle layers with obtusely branched hyphae; laticifers obtusely branched; in sulfo-vanillin laticifers react weakly positive, in KOH contents appearing granular.

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