– Enlarged view – |
• references | |
Ingleby K, Mason PA, Last FT, Fleming LV (1990) Identification of ectomycorrhizas. ITE Research Publication no. 5. HMSO, London. |
• length | |
0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
6 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• ramification presence-type | |
monopodial-pinnate | |
• ramification orders | |
0 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
1 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• main axis diameter | |
0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
0.4 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance | |
absent | |
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence | |
absent | |
• rhizomorphs presence | |
absent |
• shape | |
straight | |
or | bent |
or | sinuous |
• shape {of distal end} | |
not inflated, cylindric | |
• colour | |
grey | |
or | white |
• very tip colour | |
whitish | |
• older parts colour | |
brown | |
• mantle cortical cells visibility | |
not visible | |
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility | |
present | |
• mantle transparency | |
not transparent | |
• mantle laticifers visibility | |
absent | |
• mantle dots presence-colour | |
absent | |
• mantle carbonizing presence | |
absent | |
• mantle surface {in general} habit | |
shiny | |
or | smooth |
• emanating hyphae presence | |
absent |
• presence | |
absent |
• presence | |
present | |
• location | |
inner mantle layer | |
• cell diameter | |
3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
6 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• matrix presence | |
present | |
• matrix location | |
outer mantle layer {apart from tip} |
• organisation | |
plectenchymatous | |
• mantle type | |
gelatinous matrix between the hyphae (type C) | |
• matrix kind | |
gelatinous | |
• hyphal system kind | |
forked | |
and | with rather short, obtuse, even finger-like branches |
• hyphae hyphal junctions angle {between} | |
ca. 120° | |
• septa thickness {relative to cell walls} | |
as thick as walls | |
• septa clamps presence | |
absent | |
• cell shape | |
cylindric, not constricted at septa | |
• cell diameter | |
2 µm | Minimum value |
3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
4 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
5 µm | Maximum value |
• cell wall surface habit | |
smooth | |
• drops of exuded pigment presence | |
absent |
• organisation | |
pseudoparenchymatous | |
• hyphae arrangement | |
plectenchymatous, without pattern | |
• cell diameter | |
3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
10 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• cell wall surface habit | |
smooth |
• organisation | |
plectenchymatous | |
• septa clamps presence | |
absent | |
• cell diameter | |
2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• mantle thickness {apart from tip} | |
15 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
25 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• clamps presence | |
absent | |
• clamps hole presence | |
absent |
• reaction with toluidin blue presence | |
present [strongly pink] |
• geographic occurrence continent | |
Europe |
• plant family | |
Betulaceae | |
• plant genus | |
Betula | |
• plant habitat kind | |
nursery | |
or | forests, woods |
• family | |
Russulaceae | |
• subgenus-section | |
Lactarius sect. Russulares | |
• fruitbodies growth habit | |
epigeous | |
or | pileate-lamellate |
• public notes | |
Mycorrhizal systems fairly short, with a frequent, sometimes pinnate, branching pattern; mycorrhizal ends white to smoky-grey when young, chaning to different shades of brown with age; mantle in toluidine blue strongly pink. |