Amphinema byssoides (Pers. : Fr.) J. Erikss. + Pinus

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Literature

references
  Fassi B, de Vecchi E (1962) Ricerche sulle micorrize ectotrofiche del Pino strobo in vivaio. I. Descrizione di alcune forme piu diffuse in Piemonte. Allionia 8: 133-152.
Haug I, Weber R, Oberwinkler F, Tschen J (1994) The mycorrhizal status of Taiwanese trees and the description of some ectomycorrhizal types. Trees 8: 237-253.
Raidl S (1997) Studien zur Ontogenie an Rhizomorphen von Ektomykorrhizen. Bibl Mycol 169: 1-84.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
ramification presence-type
  dichotomous
rhizomorphs presence
  present
rhizomorphs frequency
  abundant
exploration type
  medium distance fringe
Morphology of the unramified ends
colour
  yellow
or    white
mantle cortical cells visibility
  visible
mantle transparency
  not transparent
mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
mantle surface {in general} habit
  silvery
mantle surface {in detail} kind
  loosely woolly
or    densely cottony
emanating hyphae presence
  present
emanating hyphae abundance
  abundant
Morphology of rhizomorphs
diameter
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.15 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
colour
  yellowish
margin habit
  hairy
Morphology of sclerotia
presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
Anatomy of laticifers
presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
organisation
  plectenchymatous
mantle type
  hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B)
hyphal system kind
  undifferentiated
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous
hyphae arrangement
  ring-like
septa clamps presence
  absent
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
mantle thickness {apart from tip}
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Maximum value
mantle different layers presence
  discernable
outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
middle mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
inner mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
presence
  present
shape
  tangentially-oval, -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  radially-oval to -elliptic
or    tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented obliquely

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
presence
  present
kind
  protruding towards endodermis
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around tannin cells number
  one
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section
mantle different layers presence
  not discernible
outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
middle mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous

Anatomy of the tannin cells in cross-section
presence
  present
rows number
1     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
shape
  tangentially-oval to tangentially-elliptic


Anatomy of the Hartig net in cross-section
presence
  present
kind
  one or half a row of cortical cells adjoining endodermis free of Hartig net
Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  present
anastomoses type
  closed by a clamp, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking (contact-clamp)
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish


Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
clamps presence
  present

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae
presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  rough of warts


Anatomy of rhizomorphs
type
  undifferentiated; hyphae rather loosely woven and of uniform diameter
(type A)
nodia presence
  absent
internal nodia presence
  absent
gelatinous matrix presence
  absent
gelatinized hyphae presence
  absent
cup-like structures on surface presence
  absent
conical young side-branches presence
  absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of chlamydospores
presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
{of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  present
{of ectomycorrhiza former} abundance
  consistently present
shape
  as normal hyphae
Ultrastructure
hyphae warts shape
  acicular, with a translucent channel

Ecology

geographic occurrence continent
  Asia
or    Europe
knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

plant family
  Pinaceae
plant genus
  Pinus
plant subgenus-section
  two-needle-pines

Fungus

family
  Atheliaceae ("Corticiaceae")
fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    corticioid

Remarks

public notes
  Mycorrhizal ends colourless to whitish.

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