| • references | |
| Eberhardt U, Verbeken A, Rinaldi AC, Pacioni G, Comandini O (2000) Lactarius ectomycorrhizae on Abies alba: morphological description, molecular characterization, and taxonomic remarks. Mycologia 92(5): 860-873. | |
| • length | |
| 5.8 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 8.4 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • ramification presence-type | |
| monopodial-pinnate | |
| • main axis diameter | |
| 0.43 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.78 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs presence | |
| absent | |
| • exploration type | |
| contact | |
| • mantle hydrophobicity presence | |
| absent | |
| • shape | |
| straight | |
| or | bent |
| • length | |
| 0 mm | Minimum value |
| 1.3 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3.2 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • diameter | |
| 0.4 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.7 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • colour | |
| yellowish [yellowish red] | |
| or | reddish [yellowish red] |
| • older parts colour | |
| brownish [reddish brown] | |
| or | reddish [reddish brown] |
| • mantle {distinct} surface visibility | |
| present | |
| • mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence | |
| present | |
| • mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} colour-habit | |
| yellowish [yellowish white] | |
| • mantle carbonizing presence | |
| absent | |
| • mantle surface {in general} habit | |
| smooth | |
| • emanating hyphae presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • emanating elements presence-type | |
| absent | |
| • crystals presence | |
| absent | |
| • blue granules presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • location | |
| middle mantle layer | |
| • shape | |
| straight and even | |
| • contents colour | |
| yellowish | |
| • completeness | |
| complete | |
| • organisation | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape | |
| angular | |
| • mantle type | |
| angular cells (type L) [comment: hyphal surface net failed to notice?] | |
| • clavate end cell cover presence | |
| absent | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| not specific | |
| • pores between cells presence | |
| absent | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell wall thickness | |
| 0.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.7 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| • cell wall projections presence | |
| absent | |
| • drops of exuded pigment presence | |
| absent | |
| • roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence | |
| absent | |
| • pigment granula on surface presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| without pattern | |
| or | ring-like |
| • hyphae vessel-like presence | |
| absent | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • mantle thickness {apart from tip} | |
| 30 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 60 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • mantle different layers presence | |
| discernable | |
| • outer mantle layer organisation | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • middle mantle layer presence | |
| present | |
| • middle mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • inner mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • kind | |
| in two rows, not reaching endodermis [surrounds 2-3 rows of cortical cells] | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number | |
| one | |
| or | two [exceptional] |
| • structure {in plan view} | |
| of palmetti type | |
| • lobes width | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 7 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • geographic occurrence continent | |
| Europe | |
| • plant family | |
| Pinaceae | |
| • plant genus | |
| Abies | |
| • plant habitat kind | |
| forests, woods | |
| • family | |
| Russulaceae | |
| • subgenus-section | |
| Lactarius sect. Russulares | |
| • fruitbodies growth habit | |
| epigeous | |
| or | pileate-lamellate |