Lactarius alpinus Peck + Alnus

– Item listing –

– Enlarged view –

Literature

references
  Treu R (1990) Charakterisierung und Identifizierung von Ektomykorrhizen aus dem Nationalpark Berchtesgaden. Bibl Mycol 134: 1-196.
Treu (1990) Lactarius alpinus. In Agerer R (ed) Colour Atlas of Ectomycorrhizae, plate 40, Einhorn-Verlag, Schwäbisch Gmünd.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
23 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
ramification presence-type
  absent
or    monopodial-pyramidal
ramification orders
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
main axis diameter
0.37 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.57 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
rhizomorphs presence
  absent
Morphology of the unramified ends
shape
  straight
or    bent
or    sinuous
shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
or    tapering
length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6.3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
diameter
0.23 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.27 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
colour
  yellow
older parts colour
  brown
or    orange
mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
mantle transparency
  not transparent
mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
mantle surface {in general} habit
  smooth
emanating hyphae presence
  absent
Morphology of sclerotia
presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
Anatomy of laticifers
presence
  absent
or    present
location
  inner mantle layer
cell diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomical features of the mantle
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape
  epidermoid, puzzle-like, jig-saw-shaped
mantle type
  epidermoid cells bearing a hyphal net (type Q)
hyphal net cells shape
  with roundish lobes
hyphal net cells diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
hyphal net cell walls habit
  faint, delicate, inconspicuous, rather thin
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell shape
  cylindric, constricted at septa
cell diameter
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell length
12 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
45 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell density
3     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall thickness
0.2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous
hyphae arrangement
  without pattern
or    with broad streaks of parallel hyphae
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell diameter
3.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  like other parts of mantle
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} cell density
7     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
mantle thickness {apart from tip}
20 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
15 µm    Mean (= average)
mantle different layers presence
  discernable
outer mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
middle mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
or    pseudoparenchymatous
inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Maximum value

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
25 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
60 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
9 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
17 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
37.1 µm    Mean (= average)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
3.1     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
presence
  present
kind
  paraepidermal
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section
mantle different layers presence
  discernible
outer mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
middle mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
or    pseudoparenchymatous
inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Maximum value

Anatomy of the tannin cells in cross-section
presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in cross-section
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  radially-oval to -elliptic
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
6 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
9 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
29 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt
10.7 µm    Mean (= average)
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq
0.7     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in cross-section
anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  cylindrical
anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells thickness
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae


Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
clamps presence
  absent




Anatomy of rhizomorphs

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
Anatomy of chlamydospores
presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
{of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
Anatomy of nuclei
number {per cell}
2     Mean (= average)
shape
  round
diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
length
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Autofluorescence

whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
  absent
whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
  absent
mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence
  present
mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
  present
mantle in section green-filter, 530-560 nm presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

reaction with acid fuchsin presence
  absent
reaction with brillant-cresyl-blue presence
  absent
reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  absent
reaction with FeSO4 presence
  absent
reaction with guaiac presence
  absent
reaction with KOH 10% presence
  absent
reaction with lactic acid presence
  absent
reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
reaction with phenole presence
  absent
reaction with phenole-aniline presence
  absent
reaction with ruthenium-red presence
  absent
reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  present

Ecology

geographic occurrence continent
  Europe
knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

plant family
  Betulaceae
plant genus
  Abies
plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

family
  Russulaceae
subgenus-section
  Lactarius sect. Russulares
fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    pileate-lamellate

Remarks

public notes
  Mycorrhizal systems monopodial-pinnate, infrequently monopodial-pyramidal; mycorrhizal ends straight, sometimes bent or sinuous, older parts pale orange-brown; mantle in longitudinal section a transient type between plectenchymatous and pseudoparenchymatous; autofluorescence of mantle in section with UV-filter slightly bluish, with blue-filter yellowish; mantle in sulfo-vanillin with blue-black laticifers.

– Item listing –