Lactarius scrobiculatus (Scop. : Fr.) Fr. + Picea

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Literature

references
  Amiet R, Egli S (1991) Die Ektomykorrhiza des Grubigen Milchlings (Lactarius scrobiculatus (Scop.: Fr.) Fr.) an Fichte (Picea abies Karst.). Schweiz Z Forstwes 142: 53-60.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate
or    monopodial-pyramidal
or    coralloid
ramification orders
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
rhizomorphs presence
  present
rhizomorphs frequency
  infrequent
exploration type
  medium distance smooth
Morphology of the unramified ends
shape
  straight
or    bent
or    sinuous
shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
colour
  ochre, yellowish brown
or    white
older parts colour
  brown
or    ochre, yellowish brown
mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
mantle transparency
  not transparent
mantle laticifers visibility
  present
mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  present
mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} colour-habit
  yellow
mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
mantle surface {in general} habit
  silvery
or    smooth
Morphology of rhizomorphs
diameter
0.04 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.06 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Morphology of sclerotia
presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
or    cystidia
emanating elements cystidia location
  on outer mantle layer
Anatomy of laticifers
presence
  absent
or    present
location
  middle mantle layer
or    inner mantle layer
or    rhizomorphs
ramification presence-abundance
  infrequent
cell length
15 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
100 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell diameter
4.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomical features of the mantle
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
organisation
  plectenchymatous
and    pseudoparenchymatous
organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape
  irregular
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, without pattern
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous
hyphae arrangement
  without pattern
septa clamps presence
  absent
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
mantle thickness {apart from tip}
30 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
70 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
mantle different layers presence
  discernable
outer mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
laticifers diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
presence
  present


Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
presence
  present
kind
  protruding towards endodermis
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around tannin cells number
  one
or    two
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
Anatomy of cystidia

Anatomy of cystidia (type 1)
type
  fusiform (type F)
diameter {proximal}
6 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
9 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
length
25 µm    Mean (= average)

Anatomy of emanating hyphae


Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
clamps presence
  absent




Anatomy of rhizomorphs
type
  undifferentiated; margins rather smooth; hyphae compactly arranged and of uniform diameter
(type B)

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
Anatomy of chlamydospores
presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
{of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
{of foreign origin} presence
  present
{of foreign origin} frequency
  consistently present
shape
  as normal hyphae
diameter
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
40 µm    Maximum value

Ecology

geographic occurrence continent
  Europe
knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

plant family
  Pinaceae
plant genus
  Picea
plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

family
  Russulaceae
subgenus-section
  Lactarius sect. Lactarius
fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    pileate-lamellate

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