Lactarius scrobiculatus (Scop. : Fr.) Fr. + Picea

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Literature

• references
  Amiet R, Egli S (1991) Die Ektomykorrhiza des Grubigen Milchlings (Lactarius scrobiculatus (Scop.: Fr.) Fr.) an Fichte (Picea abies Karst.). Schweiz Z Forstwes 142: 53-60.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate
or    monopodial-pyramidal
or    coralloid
• ramification orders
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
• rhizomorphs presence
  present
• rhizomorphs frequency
  infrequent
• exploration type
  medium distance smooth
Morphology of the unramified ends
• shape
  straight
or    bent
or    sinuous
• shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
• colour
  ochre, yellowish brown
or    white
• older parts colour
  brown
or    ochre, yellowish brown
• mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
• mantle transparency
  not transparent
• mantle laticifers visibility
  present
• mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  present
• mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} colour-habit
  yellow
• mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
  silvery
or    smooth
Morphology of rhizomorphs
• diameter
0.04 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.06 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Morphology of sclerotia
• presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
• emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
or    cystidia
• emanating elements cystidia location
  on outer mantle layer
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
or    present
• location
  middle mantle layer
or    inner mantle layer
or    rhizomorphs
• ramification presence-abundance
  infrequent
• cell length
15 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
100 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell diameter
4.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomical features of the mantle
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
and    pseudoparenchymatous
• organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape
  irregular
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
• organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, without pattern
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• hyphae arrangement
  without pattern
• septa clamps presence
  absent
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
30 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
70 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mantle different layers presence
  discernable
• outer mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• laticifers diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
• presence
  present


Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• kind
  protruding towards endodermis
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around tannin cells number
  one
or    two
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
Anatomy of cystidia

Anatomy of cystidia (type 1)
• type
  fusiform (type F)
• diameter {proximal}
6 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
9 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• length
25 µm    Mean (= average)

Anatomy of emanating hyphae


Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
• clamps presence
  absent




Anatomy of rhizomorphs
• type
  undifferentiated; margins rather smooth; hyphae compactly arranged and of uniform diameter
(type B)

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
Anatomy of chlamydospores
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
• {of foreign origin} presence
  present
• {of foreign origin} frequency
  consistently present
• shape
  as normal hyphae
• diameter
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
40 µm    Maximum value

Ecology

• geographic occurrence continent
  Europe
• knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

• plant family
  Pinaceae
• plant genus
  Picea
• plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

• family
  Russulaceae
• subgenus-section
  Lactarius sect. Lactarius
• fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    pileate-lamellate

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