Gyrodon monticola Sing. + Alnus

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Literature

• references
  Becerra A, Nouhra E, Daniele G, Domínguez L, McKay D (2005) Ectomycorrhizas of Cortinarius helodes and Gyrodon monticola with Alnus acuminata from Argentina. Mycorrhiza 15(1): 7-15.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate [irregular]
Morphology of the unramified ends
• shape
  straight
or    bent
or    tortuous
• shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
• length
0.6 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6.3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter
0.2 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
  yellow [golden yellow when young]
• older parts colour
  brown
• mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
Morphology of rhizomorphs
• diameter
0.01 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.03 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
  concolourous to mantle
or    yellow
• connection to mantle kind
  distinct
Morphology of sclerotia
• presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
• emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
or    emanating hyphae
or    cystidia
• crystals presence
  absent
• blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• mantle type
  occasional patches of roundish cells on the mantle (type F)
• septa clamps presence
  present
• septa clamps abundance
  infrequent
• cell pigment location-colour
  absent
• cell diameter
3.2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Mean (= average)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• cell diameter
2.4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
24 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
57 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)



Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section
• mantle different layers presence
  discernible
• outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
• outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
3.2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• middle mantle layer presence
  absent
• inner mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
9.1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
9.1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)


Anatomy of the cortical cells in cross-section
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
11 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
17 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
6 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
16 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in cross-section
• presence
  present
• kind
  periepidermal
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around tannin cells number
  one
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells thickness
1.6 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
• septal pores configuration
  dolipore-like structures
• anastomoses type
  open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking
Anatomy of cystidia

Anatomy of cystidia (type 1)
• type
  globular (type G) [spherical to clavate with a small globule at the distal end]
• apical knobs shape
  globose
• branches ramification presence
  absent
• septa presence
  absent
• diameter {medial}
4.8     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11.2     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of emanating hyphae
• cell pigment location-colour
  absent
or    plasmatically brownish [Emanating hyphae of two types: colourless and brown pigmented ones]

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
• presence
  present

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
• clamps presence
  present


Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
2.4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the crystals occouring in emanating hyphae
• presence shape
  absent

Anatomy of the warts occouring on emanating hyphae
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of rhizomorphs
• type
  highly differentiated; thick hyphae forming mostly a core, septa often partially or completely dissolved
(type F)
• hyphae distinctly different diameter
  present

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on peripheral hyphae
or    only on central hyphae
• ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on peripheral hyphae
or    only on central hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on peripheral hyphae
or    only on central hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on peripheral hyphae
or    only on central hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on peripheral hyphae
or    only on central hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of chlamydospores
• presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

• reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  present [slightly blue]
• reaction with ethanol 70% presence
  absent
• reaction with KOH 10% presence
  absent
• reaction with lactic acid presence
  present [bleaching]
• reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
• reaction with NH4OH
  present [bleaching]

Ecology

• geographic occurrence continent
  South America

Tree

• plant family
  Betulaceae
• plant genus
  Alnus
• plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

• family
  Boletaceae
• fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    pileate-porioid

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