Hebeloma mesophaeum (Pers.) Quel. + Pinus

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Literature

• references
  Agerer R (1995) Anatomical characteristics of identified ectomycorrhizas: an attempt towards a natural classification. In Varma AK, Hock B (eds.) Mycorrhiza: Structure, function, molecular biology and biotechnology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 685-734.
Fassi B, Fontana A (1966) Ricerche sulle micorrize ectotrofiche del Pino strobo in vivaio. II. Micorrize di Thelephora terrestris Ehrh. ex Fr., di Laccaria laccata (Scop.) Berk. et Br. e di Hebeloma mesophaeum Pers. ex Fr. Allionia 12: 47-53.
Ingleby K, Mason PA, Last FT, Fleming LV (1990) Identification of ectomycorrhizas. ITE Research Publication no. 5. HMSO, London.
Ritter G (1964) Zur Morphologie der Mykorrhizen von Pinus silvestris mit Suillus luteus, Amanita muscaria und Hebeloma mesophaeum. Z Pilzkd 30: 89-95.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification presence-type
  dichotomous
• ramification orders
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• main axis diameter
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
• rhizomorphs presence
  absent
• exploration type
  short distance
Morphology of the unramified ends
• shape
  straight
or    bent
• shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
or    tapering
• diameter
0.3 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
  brown
or    white
• older parts colour
  brown
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
• mantle transparency
  not transparent
• mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
• mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
  silvery
or    not smooth
• mantle surface {in detail} kind
  densely cottony
• emanating hyphae presence
  present
• emanating hyphae abundance
  abundant
• emanating hyphae distribution
  not specifically distributed
Morphology of sclerotia
• presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• mantle type
  hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B)
• hyphal system kind
  undifferentiated
• hyphae hyphal junctions angle {between}
  ca. 45° and less
• cell shape
  cylindric, not constricted at septa
• cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• hyphae arrangement
  without pattern
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell diameter
0 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
0 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
5 µm    Minimum value
13 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mantle different layers presence
  not discernable
or    discernable
• outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
• middle mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
• inner mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• shape
  tangentially-oval, -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• kind
  protruding towards endodermis
or    one or half a row of cortical cells adjoining endodermis free of Hartig net
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape
  roundish
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around tannin cells number
  one
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  roundish
or    cylindrical
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
• structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
• shape
  not striking
• cell pigment location-colour
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
• presence
  present
• kind
  acute
or    approximately 90°
• distance {from septum}
  one or two hyphal diam. below the septum
or    in considerable distance from the septum
• side-branches at septum number
  one side-branch at septum

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
• clamps presence
  present
• clamps hole presence
  absent

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae
• presence
  present
• abundance
  infrequent
• distribution
  not specified

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
2 µm    Minimum value
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  smooth
or    rough of warts

Anatomy of the crystals occouring in emanating hyphae
• orientation
  irregularly

Anatomy of rhizomorphs
• type
  lacking, only emanating hyphae present
(type G)

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
Anatomy of haustoria
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
• {of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

• reaction with toluidin blue presence
  present

Ecology

• geographic occurrence continent
  Europe

Tree

• plant family
  Pinaceae
• plant genus
  Pinus
• plant subgenus-section
  two-needle-pines
or    five-needle-pines
• plant habitat kind
  nursery

Fungus

• family
  Cortinariaceae
• fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    pileate-lamellate

Remarks

• public notes
  In toluidine blue encrustations of hyphae stain dark blue.

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