| • references | |
| Danielson RM, Visser S, Parkinson D (1984) Production of ectomycorrhizae on container-grown jack pine seedlings. Can J For Res 14(1): 33-36. Fassi B, Fontana A (1966) Ricerche sulle micorrize ectotrofiche de Pino strobo in vivaio. II. Micorrize di Thelephora terrestris Ehrh. ex Fr., di Laccaria laccata (Scop.) Berk. et Br. e di Hebeloma mesophaeum Pers. ex Fr. Allionia 12: 47-53. Ingleby K, Mason PA, Last FT, Fleming LV (1990) Identification of ectomycorrhizas. ITE Research Publication no. 5. HMSO, London. Mohan V, Natarajan K, Ingleby K (1993) Anatomical studies on ectomycorrhizas. I. the ectomycorrhizas pruduced by Thelephora terrestris on Pinus patula. Mycorrhiza 3: 39-42. Schramm JR (1966) Plant colonization studies on black wastes from anthracite mining in Pennsalvania. Trans Am Philos Soc 56: 5-189. |
|
| • length | |
| 0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • ramification presence-type | |
| dichotomous | |
| • ramification orders | |
| 0 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 1 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • main axis diameter | |
| 0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.5 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs presence | |
| present | |
| • rhizomorphs frequency | |
| infrequent | |
| or | abundant |
| • exploration type | |
| medium distance smooth | |
| • shape | |
| straight | |
| or | bent |
| or | sinuous |
| • shape {of distal end} | |
| not inflated, cylindric | |
| • diameter | |
| 0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.6 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 1 mm | Maximum value |
| • colour | |
| brown | |
| or | yellow |
| or | grey |
| or | white |
| • very tip colour | |
| whitish | |
| • older parts colour | |
| dark brown | |
| or | brown |
| • mantle cortical cells visibility | |
| not visible | |
| • mantle {distinct} surface visibility | |
| present | |
| • mantle transparency | |
| not transparent | |
| • mantle laticifers visibility | |
| absent | |
| • mantle dots presence-colour | |
| absent | |
| • mantle carbonizing presence | |
| absent | |
| • mantle surface {in general} habit | |
| smooth | |
| • mantle surface {in detail} kind | |
| densely short-spiny | |
| or | loosely short-spiny |
| • emanating hyphae presence | |
| present | |
| • emanating hyphae abundance | |
| infrequent | |
| • diameter | |
| 0.08 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.65 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cross-section shape | |
| round or roundish | |
| • colour | |
| concolourous to mantle | |
| or | brownish |
| or | yellowish |
| or | whitish |
| • margin habit | |
| hairy | |
| • dimorphism presence | |
| present | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • emanating elements presence-type | |
| rhizomorphs | |
| or | cystidia |
| • emanating elements cystidia location | |
| on outer mantle layer | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • mantle type | |
| hyphae arranged net-like, with prominent cystidia (type D) | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 2 µm | Minimum value |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell length | |
| 0 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 20 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| plectenchymatous, without pattern | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 4 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| without pattern | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell length | |
| 0 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 40 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • mantle thickness {apart from tip} | |
| 10 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 35 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • mantle different layers presence | |
| not discernable | |
| • outer mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • mantle different layers presence | |
| not discernible | |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • rows number | |
| 1 | Mean (= average) |
| • tangentially length | |
| 25 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 55 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • radially diameter | |
| 10 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 30 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • mean shape-ratio TCq | |
| 4 | Mean (= average) |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length | |
| 20 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 70 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter | |
| 15 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 50 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • kind | |
| protruding towards endodermis | |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness | |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 6 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around tannin cells number | |
| one | |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| roundish | |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells thickness | |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 6 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number | |
| one | |
| • type | |
| awl-shaped, bristle-like (type A) | |
| • ramification presence-position | |
| absent | |
| • septa presence | |
| present | |
| • septa kind | |
| simple | |
| • diameter {proximal} | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Maximum value |
| • diameter {distal} | |
| 1 µm | Minimum value |
| 1.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • length | |
| 0 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 150 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell wall colour | |
| yellowish | |
| • surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| • contents presence | |
| absent | |
| • contents type | |
| absent | |
| • shape | |
| tortuous | |
| • clamps presence | |
| present | |
| • clamps hole presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • abundance | |
| infrequent | |
| • distribution | |
| not specified | |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter | |
| 2.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| • type | |
| undifferentiated; hyphae rather loosely woven and of uniform diameter (type A) |
|
| • geographic occurrence continent | |
| Europe | |
| or | North America |
| • plant family | |
| Pinaceae | |
| • plant genus | |
| Pinus | |
| • plant subgenus-section | |
| two-needle-pines | |
| or | five-needle-pines |
| • plant habitat kind | |
| nursery | |
| • family | |
| Thelephoraceae ss. Stalpers. excl. Tylospora | |
| • fruitbodies growth habit | |
| epigeous | |
| or | stereoid |
| • public notes | |
| Mycorrhizae pallisd to pale snuff brown or fawn to bay or purplish chestnut. | |