Tricholoma acerbum (Bull. : Fr.) Quel. + Fagus

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– Enlarged view –

Literature

• references
  Agerer R, Waller K (1993) Tricholoma acerbum. In Agerer R (ed) Colour Atlas of Ectomycorrhizae, plate 82, Einhorn-Verlag, Schwäbisch Gmünd.
Waller K, Agerer R (1993) Ektomykorrhizen von Dermocybe cinnamomeolutea (Cortinariaceae) und Tricholoma acerbum (Tricholomataceae). Sendtnera 1: 23-38.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
9.5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pyramidal
• main axis diameter
0.3 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
• rhizomorphs presence
  present
• rhizomorphs frequency
  abundant
• exploration type
  medium distance fringe
Morphology of the unramified ends
• shape
  straight
or    bent
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5.5 mm    Maximum value
• diameter
0.2 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
  white
• very tip colour
  white
• mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
• mantle transparency
  not transparent
• mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
• mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
  silvery
• mantle surface {in detail} kind
  densely stringy
• emanating hyphae presence
  absent
Morphology of rhizomorphs
• diameter
0.025 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cross-section shape
  round or roundish
• colour
  concolourous to mantle
• origin location
  not specific
or    proximal
• dimorphism presence
  absent
Morphology of sclerotia
• presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
• emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
• blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• mantle type
  ring-like arrangement of hyphal bundles (type A)
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell shape
  cylindric, not constricted at septa
and    cylindric, constricted at septa
• cell diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
15 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
100 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall thickness
0.3 µm    Mean (= average)
• cell wall surface habit
  rough
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, without pattern
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
or    membranaceously brownish
• cell diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
15 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
100 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall thickness
0.5 µm    Mean (= average)
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous with pseudoparenchymatous nests of cells
• hyphae arrangement
  ring-like
• septa clamps presence
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  like other parts of mantle
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} hyphae diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
8 µm    Minimum value
15 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
17 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
59 µm    Maximum value
• mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mantle different layers presence
  not discernable
• unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
• presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  rectangular
or    radially-oval to -elliptic, oriented obliquely
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
10 µm    Minimum value
17 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
25 µm    Minimum value
30 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
38 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
43 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
17 µm    Mean (= average)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
0.5     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• kind
  periepidermal
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  roundish
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
• structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
• lobes width
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1.3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section
• mantle different layers presence
  not discernible
• unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in cross-section
• presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in cross-section
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  radially-oval to -elliptic
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
13 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
19 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
11 µm    Minimum value
19 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
23 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
32 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt
16 µm    Mean (= average)
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq
0.8     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in cross-section
• presence
  present
• kind
  apparently one and a half row deep
Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
• backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  present
• anastomoses type
  open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent




Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  rough of warts
or    without lens-shaped appositions
or    without spindle-shaped appositions
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.3 µm    Mean (= average)


Anatomy of rhizomorphs
• type
  highly differentiated; thick hyphae forming mostly a core, septa often partially or completely dissolved
(type F)
• nodia presence
  present
• gelatinized hyphae presence
  absent
• a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence
  absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
• ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of chlamydospores
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  present
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} abundance
  occasionally present
• {of foreign origin} presence
  absent
• shape
  globular
Anatomy of nuclei
• number {per cell}
2     Mean (= average)
• shape
  round
or    oval
• diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• length
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Autofluorescence

• mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence
  present
• mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
  present
• mantle in section green-filter, 530-560 nm presence
  present

Ecology

• geographic occurrence continent
  Europe
• knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

• plant family
  Fagaceae
• plant genus
  Fagus
• plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

• family
  Tricholomataceae
• subgenus-section
  Tricholoma subg. Genuina
• fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    pileate-lamellate

Remarks

• public notes
  Autofluoescence of mantle in section with UV-filter slightly bluish, with blue-filter slihtly yellow, with green-filter red.

– Item listing –