Naucoria escharoides (Fr.: Fr.) Kummer? + Alnus

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Literature

• references
  Becerra A, Daniele G, Domínguez L, Nouhra E, Horton T (2002) Ectomycorrhizae between Alnus acuminata H.B.K. and Naucoria escharoides (Fr.:Fr.) Kummer from Argentina. Mycorrhiza 12(2): 61-66

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  abundant
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures position
  not specific
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
• rhizomorphs frequency
  abundant
• exploration type
  medium distance smooth
Morphology of the unramified ends
• shape
  straight
or    bent
or    sinuous
or    tortuous
• shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
or    tapering
• length
0.6 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
14 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter
0.2 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
  yellowish
or    whitish
• older parts colour
  brown
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
• mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
• mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
  not smooth
• emanating hyphae presence
  present
Morphology of rhizomorphs
• diameter
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.05 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cross-section shape
  round or roundish
• colour
  concolourous to mantle
or    whitish
• connection to mantle kind
  distinct
• origin location
  not specific
Morphology of sclerotia
• presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
• emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
or    emanating hyphae
• crystals presence
  absent
• blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
• anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• mantle type
  hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B)
• hyphal system kind
  with broad streaks of parallel hyphae
• hyphae hyphal junctions angle {between}
  ca. 45° and less
• septa clamps presence
  present
• septa clamps abundance
  infrequent
• cell shape
  cylindric, constricted at septa
• cell pigment location-colour
  absent
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
• roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
• pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• cell shape
  polygonal
• hyphae vessel-like presence
  absent
• cell diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
39 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
56 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)



Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section
• mantle different layers presence
  discernible
• outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
• outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• middle mantle layer presence
  absent
• inner mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)


Anatomy of the cortical cells in cross-section
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  round
or    radially-oval to -elliptic
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
19 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in cross-section
• presence
  present
• kind
  paraepidermal
or    periepidermal
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells thickness
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
• anastomoses type
  open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
• cell pigment location-colour
  absent
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent


Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
• clamps presence
  present
• clamps surface kind
  smooth

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae
• presence
  present
• abundance
  abundant

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Mean (= average)


Anatomy of rhizomorphs
• type
  undifferentiated; margins rather smooth; hyphae compactly arranged and of uniform diameter
(type B)
• hyphae distinctly different diameter
  absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  present, not specified
• ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  present, not specified
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  present, not specified
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  present, not specified
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  present, not specified
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
Anatomy of chlamydospores
• presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

• reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  present [hyphae and bundles blue]
• reaction with ethanol 70% presence
  present [hyphae and bundles yellowish to brown]
• reaction with KOH 10% presence
  present [whole mycorrhiza slightly reddish with 15% KOH; emanating hyphae yellowish]
• reaction with lactic acid presence
  absent
• reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
• reaction with NH4OH
  absent
• reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  absent

Ecology

• geographic occurrence continent
  South America

Tree

• plant family
  Betulaceae
• plant genus
  Alnus
• plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

• family
  Cortinariaceae
• fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    pileate-lamellate

DNA-Analysis

• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bands number
4     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 1. band from below number
265     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 2. band from below number
230     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 3. band from below number
215     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 4. band from below number
90     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bands number
3     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 1. band from below number
425     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 2. band from below number
380     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 3. band from below number
130     Mean (= average)

Remarks

• public notes
  comment: possibly misidentified, as mycorrhiza looks very similar to those of some Entoloma spp. and appears dissimilar to mycorrhizae of N. escharoides from Europe

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