Alnirhiza tenuihyphata + Alnus

– Item listing –

Literature

• references
  Pritsch K, Becerra A, Pölme S, Tedersoo L, Schloter M, Agerer R (2010) Description and identification of Alnus acuminata ectomycorrhizae from Argentinean alder stands. Mycologia 102(6): 1263-1273 [In Pritsch et al. (2010) as Russula sp.]

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification presence-type
  absent
or    monopodial-pinnate [irregularly]
• ramification orders
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• abundance
  solitary or in small numbers
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
• rhizomorphs presence
  absent
• exploration type
  short distance
Morphology of the unramified ends
• shape
  straight
or    sinuous
• shape {of distal end}
  tapering
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter
0.5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Mean (= average)
• colour
  ochre, yellowish brown
• older parts colour
  brown
• mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
• mantle transparency
  not transparent
• mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
• mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
• mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
  not smooth
• mantle surface {in detail} kind
  densely long-spiny
or    loosely long-spiny
• emanating hyphae presence
  present
Morphology of sclerotia
• presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
• emanating elements presence-type
  emanating hyphae
• crystals presence
  absent
• blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
• anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
• completeness
  complete
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• mantle type
  hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B)
• hyphal net cells shape
  not applicable
• hyphal net cells diameter
  not applicable
• hyphal net cells length
  not applicable
• hyphal net cell walls habit
  not applicable
• hyphal net cell walls thickness
  not applicable
• hyphal net clamps presence
  not applicable
• clavate end cell cover presence
  absent
• hyphal system kind
  undifferentiated
• hyphae short protrusions presence
  absent
• septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  as thick as walls
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell shape
  cylindric, not constricted at septa
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
• cell diameter
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
and    with few soil particles
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
• pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
• presence
  present
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, with broad streaks of parallel hyphae
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
• cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
or    pseudoparenchymatous [transitional]
• hyphae vessel-like presence
  absent
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
• cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
25 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
75 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mantle different layers presence
  discernable
• outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
• outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
40 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• middle mantle layer presence
  present
• middle mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
• middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
40 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
or    pseudoparenchymatous [transitional]
• inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
3.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
• presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  rectangular
or    tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
24 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
38 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
12 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• kind
  paraepidermal
• structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
• lobes width
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
• intrahyphal hyphae presence
  absent
• intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence
  absent
• backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  absent
• backwards-oriented clamps presence
  present
• anastomoses type
  open, with a long bridge
• anastomoses surface habit
  smooth
• anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls}
  as thick as
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
• shape
  straight
or    wavy
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
• presence
  present
• kind
  Y-shaped
• distance {from septum}
  in considerable distance from the septum
• side-branches at septum number
  one side-branch at septum

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
• clamps presence
  absent


Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
  simple
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
85 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  smooth
or    with soil particles
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)


Anatomy of the warts occouring on emanating hyphae
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of rhizomorphs

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
Anatomy of chlamydospores
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
• {of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

• reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  present [emanating hyphae slightly blue]
• reaction with ethanol 70% presence
  absent
• reaction with KOH 10% presence
  present [whole mycorrhiza bleaching]
• reaction with lactic acid presence
  present [whole mycorrhiza bleaching]
• reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  amyloid
• amyloidity or dextrinoidity location
  septa, globular thickenings of septa
• reaction with NH4OH
  absent
• reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  present [whole mycorrhiza bleaching; Hartig net pink]

Ecology

• geographic occurrence continent
  South America

Tree

• plant family
  Betulaceae
• plant genus
  Alnus

Fungus

• family
  Russulaceae [more likely a Thelephorceae, in spite of sequence results that affiliate this mycorrhiza to the genus Russula]

– Item listing –