Lactarius omphaliformis Romagn. + Alnus

– Item listing –

Literature

• references
  Pritsch K (1996) Untersuchungen zur Diversität und Ökologie von Mykorrhizen der Schwarzerle (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) Diss Univ Tübingen.
Pritsch K, Munch JC, Buscot F (1997) Morphological and anatomical characterization of black alder Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. ectomycorrhizas. Mycorrhiza 7: 201-216.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• ramification presence-type
  absent
or    monopodial-pinnate
• ramification orders
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• main axis diameter
0.4 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1.3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
• rhizomorphs presence
  absent
Morphology of the unramified ends
• shape
  straight
or    sinuous
• shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter
0.4 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.8 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
  brown
or    ochre, yellowish brown
or    yellow
• older parts colour
  brown
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
• mantle transparency
  not transparent
• mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
• mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
  shiny
or    smooth
• emanating hyphae presence
  present
• emanating hyphae abundance
  infrequent
Morphology of sclerotia
• presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
or    present
• location
  middle mantle layer
or    inner mantle layer
• ramification presence-abundance
  infrequent
• cell diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomical features of the mantle
• matrix presence
  present
• matrix location
  middle mantle layer
or    inner mantle layer
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape
  epidermoid, puzzle-like, jig-saw-shaped
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
• cell diameter
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
32 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
32 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall thickness
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• matrix kind
  not gelatinous
• cell diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
15 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall thickness
0.2 µm    Mean (= average)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• matrix kind
  not gelatinous
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
15 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
15 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mantle different layers presence
  discernable
• outer mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
3 µm    Minimum value
7 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Maximum value
• inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Minimum value
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
9 µm    Maximum value

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
• presence
  absent


Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• kind
  paraepidermal
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  roundish
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section
• mantle different layers presence
  discernible
• outer mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
3 µm    Minimum value
7 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Maximum value
• inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Minimum value
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
9 µm    Maximum value

Anatomy of the tannin cells in cross-section
• presence
  absent


Anatomy of the Hartig net in cross-section
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  roundish
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells thickness
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
• cell pigment location-colour
  epimembranaceously yellowish


Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
• clamps presence
  absent

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae
• presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  with soil particles
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.2 µm    Mean (= average)


Anatomy of rhizomorphs
• type
  lacking, only emanating hyphae present
(type G)

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
Anatomy of chlamydospores
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

• reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  present

Ecology

• geographic occurrence continent
  Europe
• knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

• plant family
  Betulaceae
• plant genus
  Alnus
• plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

• family
  Russulaceae
• subgenus-section
  Lactarius sect. Russulares
• fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    pileate-lamellate

Remarks

• public notes
  Mycorrhizal ends brownish yellow, older parts dull-brown to bronze and injured parts with rusty patches; outer mantle layers in plan view with homogeneous, yellow cell wall appositions; emanating hyphae rarely with yellow wall appositions; mantle in sulfo-vanillin with violet to dark purple latex.

– Item listing –