Naucoria escharoides (Fr. : Fr.) Kummer + Alnus

Literature

• references
	Airaudi D, Filipello Marchisio V, Luppi Mosca AM (1994) Ectomycorrhiza types in Alnus viridis (Chaix) DC. Allionia 32: 65-76. Pritsch K (1996) Untersuchungen zur Diversität und Ökologie von Mykorrhizen der Schwarzerle (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.). Diss Univ Tübingen.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system

• length
20 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification presence-type
	monopodial-pinnate
• main axis diameter
0.4 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1.2 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
	absent
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
	absent
• rhizomorphs presence
	present
• rhizomorphs frequency
	infrequent
or	abundant

Morphology of the unramified ends

• shape
	straight
or	sinuous
or	tortuous
• shape {of distal end}
	not inflated, cylindric
or	tapering
• length
0 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter
0.4 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.8 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
	grey
or	white
• older parts colour
	brown
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
	present
• mantle laticifers visibility
	absent
• mantle dots presence-colour
	absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
	absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
	not smooth
• mantle surface {in detail} kind
	loosely woolly
or	loosely stringy
• emanating hyphae presence
	present
• emanating hyphae abundance
	abundant
• emanating hyphae distribution
	not specifically distributed

Morphology of rhizomorphs

• diameter
0.012 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.04 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification kind-frequency
	repeatedly into smaller filaments
• connection to mantle kind
	fan-like
• origin location
	not specific
or	distal
or	proximal
• margin habit
	hairy
or	fan-like
• dimorphism presence
	absent

Morphology of sclerotia

• presence
	absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza

• emanating elements presence-type
	rhizomorphs

Anatomy of laticifers

• presence
	absent

Anatomical features of the mantle

Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip

• organisation
	plectenchymatous
• mantle type
	hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B)
• hyphal system kind
	with broad streaks of parallel hyphae
• cell shape
	cylindric, constricted at septa
• cell diameter
2.5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
6 µm	Maximum value
• cell length
30 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
100 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
	smooth

Anatomy of the middle mantle layer

• organisation
	plectenchymatous
• hyphae arrangement
	plectenchymatous, without pattern
• cell diameter
2.5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
	smooth

Anatomy of the inner mantle layer

• organisation
	plectenchymatous with pseudoparenchymatous nests of cells
• septa clamps presence
	absent
• cell diameter
3 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
3 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section

• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
10 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
40 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
50 µm	Maximum value
• mantle different layers presence
	discernable
• outer mantle layer organisation
	plectenchymatous
• outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2.5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
10 µm	Maximum value
• inner mantle layer organisation
	plectenchymatous
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
3 µm	Minimum value
6 µm	Mean (= average)
10 µm	Maximum value

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section

• presence
	absent

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section

• presence
	present
• kind
	paraepidermal
or	in two rows, not reaching endodermis
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
	one
• structure {in plan view}
	of palmetti type
• lobes width
0.5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section

• mantle different layers presence
	discernible
• outer mantle layer organisation
	plectenchymatous
• outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
3 µm	Minimum value
6 µm	Mean (= average)
10 µm	Maximum value
• inner mantle layer organisation
	plectenchymatous
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
3 µm	Minimum value
6 µm	Mean (= average)
10 µm	Maximum value

Anatomy of the tannin cells in cross-section

• presence
	absent

Anatomy of the Hartig net in cross-section

• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
	one
• lobes width
0.5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• structure {in plan view}
	of palmetti type

Anatomy of the emanating elements in general

• anastomoses type
	open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking

Anatomy of cystidia

Anatomy of emanating hyphae

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae

• clamps presence
	present

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae

• presence
	absent

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae

• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
	simple
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
2.5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
20 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
210 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
	smooth
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.2 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of rhizomorphs

• type
	undifferentiated; hyphae rather loosely woven and of uniform diameter (type A)
• gelatinous matrix presence
	absent
• cup-like structures on surface presence
	absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs

• ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
	absent

Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs

• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
	absent

Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs

• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
	absent

Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs

• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
	absent

Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs

• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
	absent

Anatomy of chlamydospores

• presence
	absent

Anatomy of haustoria

• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
	absent
• {of foreign origin} presence
	absent

Ecology

• geographic occurrence continent
	Europe
• knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
	unknown

Tree

• plant family
	Betulaceae
• plant genus
	Alnus
• plant habitat kind
	forests, woods

Fungus

• family
	Cortinariaceae
• fruitbodies growth habit
	epigeous
or	pileate-lamellate

Remarks

• public notes
	Mycorrhizal systems irrgularly monopodial-pinnate; mycorrhizal ends with whitish mantle, smoky-grey, irregularly reddish due to root colour, at most slightly tortuous.

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