| • references | |
| Águeda B, Agerer R (2008) “Betulaerhiza fulgens" + Betula alba L. Descr Ectomyc 11/12: 17-22. - Águeda B, Agerer R (2008) Betulaerhiza fulgens. In Agerer R (ed) Colour Atlas of Ectomycorrhizae, plt. 192. Einhorn, Schwäbisch Gmünd | |
| • length | |
| 3 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 6 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • ramification presence-type | |
| monopodial-pinnate | |
| • tips {per 10 mm} number | |
| 1 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • ramification orders | |
| 0 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 1 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • abundance | |
| solitary or in small numbers | |
| • main axis diameter | |
| 0.15 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.35 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs presence | |
| absent | |
| • exploration type | |
| contact | |
| • mantle hydrophobicity presence | |
| absent | |
| • shape | |
| straight | |
| or | bent [slightly] |
| or | constricted between older and younger parts [sometimes] |
| • shape {of distal end} | |
| not inflated, cylindric | |
| or | inflated, club-shaped [slightly] |
| or | tapering [slightly] |
| • length | |
| 0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2.6 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • diameter | |
| 0.2 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.35 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • colour | |
| brown | |
| or | greyish |
| • very tip colour | |
| white | |
| • mantle cortical cells visibility | |
| not visible | |
| • mantle {distinct} surface visibility | |
| present | |
| • mantle transparency | |
| semi-transparent, opaque | |
| • mantle laticifers visibility | |
| present | |
| • mantle dots presence-colour | |
| absent | |
| • mantle carbonizing presence | |
| absent | |
| • mantle surface {in general} habit | |
| shiny | |
| or | smooth |
| • emanating hyphae presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • emanating elements presence-type | |
| absent | |
| • crystals presence | |
| present | |
| • crystals location | |
| outer mantle layer | |
| • blue granules presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • location | |
| middle mantle layer | |
| or | inner mantle layer |
| • shape | |
| straight and even | |
| or | worm-like, uneven |
| • cell length | |
| 20 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 24 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell diameter | |
| 4 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • completeness | |
| complete | |
| • matrix presence | |
| present | |
| • matrix location | |
| surface net | |
| • organisation | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape | |
| epidermoid, puzzle-like, jig-saw-shaped | |
| • mantle type | |
| epidermoid cells bearing a hyphal net (type Q) | |
| • hyphal net cells shape | |
| not specialized | |
| • hyphal net cells diameter | |
| 2.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3.2 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • hyphal net cell walls habit | |
| faint, delicate, inconspicuous, rather thin | |
| • hyphal net clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • clavate end cell cover presence | |
| absent | |
| • matrix kind | |
| gelatinous | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| not specific | |
| • hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence | |
| present | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| plasmatically yellowish | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 5.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell length | |
| 18 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 26 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell density | |
| 6 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 12 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell wall thickness | |
| 0.4 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.8 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| • crystals presence-shape | |
| cuboid [composed of needles] | |
| and | needle-like |
| • drops of exuded pigment presence | |
| absent | |
| • roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence | |
| absent | |
| • pigment granula on surface presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • organisation | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • cell shape | |
| epidermoid | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| colourless | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 9 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell length | |
| 20 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 21 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell density | |
| 9 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 16 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell wall thickness | |
| 0.15 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.4 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| without pattern | |
| • hyphae vessel-like presence | |
| absent | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| membranaceously yellowish | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation | |
| like other parts of mantle | |
| or | pseudoparenchymatous |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} matrix kind | |
| gelatinous | |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} hyphae diameter | |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 6.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • mantle thickness {apart from tip} | |
| 8 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 20 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip} | |
| 8 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 15 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 20 µm | Maximum value |
| • calyptra cell remnants presence | |
| present | |
| • calyptra cell remnants type | |
| few | |
| • mantle different layers presence | |
| discernable | |
| • outer mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
| 4 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
| 1 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • middle mantle layer presence | |
| absent | |
| • inner mantle layer organisation | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
| 4 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 12 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 7 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| radially-oval to -elliptic, oriented obliquely | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length | |
| 9 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 25 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter | |
| 32 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 58 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt) | |
| 17 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq) | |
| 0.2 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.5 | Mean (= average) |
| 0.7 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • kind | |
| paraepidermal | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| beaded [slightly] | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness | |
| 2 µm | Minimum value |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 8 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number | |
| one | |
| • structure {in plan view} | |
| infrequently lobed | |
| • lobes width | |
| 6 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 12 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • intrahyphal hyphae presence | |
| not applicable | |
| • intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence | |
| not applicable | |
| • septal pores configuration | |
| not applicable | |
| • backwards-oriented ramifications presence | |
| not applicable | |
| • backwards-oriented clamps presence | |
| not applicable | |
| • anastomoses type | |
| not applicable | |
| • anastomoses surface habit | |
| not applicable | |
| • anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls} | |
| not applicable | |
| • anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae} | |
| not applicable | |
| • anastomoses location | |
| not applicable | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence | |
| absent | |
| • {of foreign origin} presence | |
| absent | |
| • reaction with KOH 10% presence | |
| absent [compound crystals not dissolved] | |
| • reaction with lactic acid presence | |
| absent [compound crystals slowly dissloving] | |
| • reaction with Melzer's reagent presence | |
| absent | |
| • reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence | |
| present [compound crystals dissolving] | |
| • geographic occurrence continent | |
| Europe | |
| • plant family | |
| Betulaceae | |
| • plant genus | |
| Betula | |
| • family | |
| Russulaceae | |