Cortinarius tucumanensis Moser + Alnus

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Literature

• references
  Becerra AG, Beenken L, Pritsch K, Daniele G, Schloter M, Agerer R (2005). Morphological description and molecular characterization of Lactarius aff. omphaliiformis, Russula alnijorullensis and Cortinarius tucumanensis ectomycorrhizas on Alnus acuminata. Mycologia 97:1047-1057

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification presence-type
  absent
or    monopodial-pinnate [rarely]
• ramification orders
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• abundance
  solitary or in small numbers
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
• rhizomorphs presence
  present
• exploration type
  medium distance fringe
Morphology of the unramified ends
• mantle hydrophobicity presence
  present
• shape
  sinuous
or    tortuous
• shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
or    tapering
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
9 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter
0.2 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
  white
• older parts colour
  ochre, yellowish brown
• mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
• mantle transparency
  not transparent
• mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
• mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
• mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
  silvery
or    not smooth
• mantle surface {in detail} kind
  densely cottony
or    loosely cottony
• emanating hyphae presence
  present
• emanating hyphae abundance
  abundant
Morphology of rhizomorphs
• diameter
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.15 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
  concolourous to mantle
or    white
• after injury colour
  unchanged
• ramification kind-frequency
  repeatedly into smaller filaments
• connection to mantle kind
  fan-like
• origin location
  not specific
• connection to substrate
  growing into the soil or organic layers
Morphology of sclerotia
• presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
• emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
or    emanating hyphae
• crystals presence
  absent
• blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
• anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
• completeness
  complete
• matrix presence
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• mantle type
  hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B)
• hyphal net cells shape
  not applicable
• hyphal net cells diameter
  not applicable
• hyphal net cells length
  not applicable
• hyphal net cell walls habit
  not applicable
• hyphal net cell walls thickness
  not applicable
• hyphal net clamps presence
  not applicable
• clavate end cell cover presence
  absent
• hyphal system kind
  undifferentiated
• hyphae short protrusions presence
  absent
• septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  as thick as walls
• septa clamps presence
  present
• septa clamps abundance
  abundant
• cell shape
  cylindric, not constricted at septa
and    cylindric, constricted at septa
• cell pigment location-colour
  absent
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
• cell diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
• roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous with pseudoparenchymatous nests of cells
• hyphae arrangement
  without pattern
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell pigment location-colour
  absent
• cell diameter
15 µm    Maximum value
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
62 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
160 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
30 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mantle different layers presence
  discernable
• outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous [loosely]
• outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
23 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
78 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• middle mantle layer presence
  absent
• inner mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
7 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
27 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
• presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  rectangular
or    round
or    tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
30 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
45 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
13 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
45 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• kind
  periepidermal
or    paraepidermal [rarely]
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  roundish
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
or    two
• structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
• lobes width
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
• backwards-oriented clamps presence
  present
• anastomoses type
  open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking
• anastomoses surface habit
  smooth
• anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls}
  as thick as
• anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae}
  as thick as
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
• shape
  straight
or    wavy
• cell pigment location-colour
  absent
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
• presence
  present

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
• clamps presence
  present
• clamps surface kind
  smooth
• clamps width {relative to hypha in lateral view}
  thinner than

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae
• presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
  slightly constricted
or    even
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
  simple
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
3.2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
12 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)


Anatomy of the warts occouring on emanating hyphae
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of rhizomorphs
• type
  undifferentiated; hyphae rather loosely woven and of uniform diameter
(type A)
• internal nodia presence
  absent
• gelatinous matrix presence
  absent
• gelatinized hyphae presence
  absent
• cup-like structures on surface presence
  absent
• conical young side-branches presence
  absent
• a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence
  absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  present, not specified
• roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  present, not specified
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  present, not specified
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  present, not specified
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  present, not specified
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
Anatomy of chlamydospores
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
• {of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

• reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  present [emanating hyphe blue]
• reaction with ethanol 70% presence
  absent
• reaction with KOH 10% presence
  present [whole mycorrhiza dark]
• reaction with lactic acid presence
  present [orange]
• reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
• reaction with NH4OH
  absent [tips of whole mycorrhiza black]
• reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  absent

Ecology

• geographic occurrence continent
  South America

Tree

• plant family
  Betulaceae
• plant genus
  Alnus
• plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

• family
  Cortinariaceae

DNA-Analysis

• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bands number
2     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 1. band from below number
290     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 2. band from below number
190     Mean (= average)

Remarks

• public notes
  TaqI: 320/240; EcoRI: 330/270

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