| • references | |
| Águeda B, Agerer R, de Miguel AM, Parladé J (2008) Quercirhiza quadratum + Quercus ilex L. subsp. ballota (Scop.) Desf. Samp. Descr Ectomyc 11/12: 113-123. - Águeda B, Agerer R, de Miguel AM, Parladé J (2008) Quercirhiza quadratum. In Agerer R (ed) Colour Atlas of Ectomycorrhizae, plt. 206. Einhorn, Schwäbisch Gmünd | |
| • length | |
| 2 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • ramification presence-type | |
| absent | |
| or | monopodial-pinnate |
| or | irregularly pinnate, dichotomous-like |
| or | coralloid |
| • tips {per 10 mm} number | |
| 0 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • ramification orders | |
| 0 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • abundance | |
| abundant, dense | |
| • main axis diameter | |
| 0.3 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.4 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs presence | |
| absent | |
| • exploration type | |
| short distance | |
| • mantle hydrophobicity presence | |
| absent | |
| • shape | |
| straight | |
| • shape {of distal end} | |
| not inflated, cylindric [at most slightly inflated] | |
| • length | |
| 0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 1.5 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • diameter | |
| 0.2 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.4 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • colour | |
| dark brown | |
| or | brown [also brownish red] |
| • very tip colour | |
| black [brownish orange] | |
| or | brownish |
| or | ochre, yellowish brown |
| or | reddish |
| • after injury colour | |
| unchanged | |
| • older parts colour | |
| dark brown | |
| or | brown |
| • mantle cortical cells visibility | |
| not visible | |
| • mantle {distinct} surface visibility | |
| present | |
| • mantle transparency | |
| not transparent | |
| • mantle laticifers visibility | |
| absent | |
| • mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence | |
| absent | |
| • mantle dots presence-colour | |
| absent | |
| • mantle carbonizing presence | |
| absent | |
| • mantle surface {in general} habit | |
| not smooth | |
| • mantle surface {in detail} kind | |
| densely long-spiny | |
| or | loosely long-spiny |
| • emanating hyphae presence | |
| present | |
| • emanating hyphae abundance | |
| abundant | |
| • emanating hyphae distribution | |
| not specifically distributed | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • emanating elements presence-type | |
| emanating hyphae | |
| • crystals presence | |
| absent | |
| • blue granules presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence | |
| absent | |
| • completeness | |
| complete | |
| • matrix presence | |
| absent | |
| • organisation | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape | |
| angular | |
| • mantle type | |
| angular cells, bearing mounds of roundish cells (type K) | |
| • mound cells shape | |
| globose | |
| • mound cells diameter | |
| 10 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 14 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 17 µm | Maximum value |
| • mound cells length | |
| 15 µm | Minimum value |
| 17 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 23 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 25 µm | Maximum value |
| • mound cells cell wall thickness | |
| 1 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 1.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • mound cells cell wall kind | |
| smooth | |
| • mound cells granular contents | |
| absent | |
| • clavate end cell cover presence | |
| absent | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| star-like [slightly] | |
| • pores between cells presence | |
| absent | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| membranaceously brownish [brownish red] | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 7 µm | Minimum value |
| 8 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 12 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 14 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell length | |
| 9 µm | Minimum value |
| 12 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 15 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 17 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell density | |
| 5 | Minimum value |
| 7 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 9 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 12 | Maximum value |
| • cell wall thickness | |
| 1 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 3 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| • cell wall projections presence | |
| absent | |
| • drops of exuded pigment presence | |
| absent | |
| • roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence | |
| absent | |
| • pigment granula on surface presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • organisation | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • cell shape | |
| polygonal | |
| or | roundish |
| • hyphae vessel-like presence | |
| absent | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| membranaceously brownish [brownish red] | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 5 µm | Minimum value |
| 8 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 12 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 14 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell length | |
| 10 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 15 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 22 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell density | |
| 6 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 12 | Maximum value |
| • cell contents presence-kind | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation | |
| like other parts of mantle | |
| or | pseudoparenchymatous |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} hyphae diameter | |
| 2 µm | Minimum value |
| 6 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 8 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 11 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} cell density | |
| 8 | Minimum value |
| 10 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 11 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 13 | Maximum value |
| • mantle thickness {apart from tip} | |
| 17 µm | Minimum value |
| 18 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 22 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 24 µm | Maximum value |
| • mantle different layers presence | |
| not discernable | |
| • unlayered mantle organization | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • unlayered mantle hyphae tangentially length | |
| 7 µm | Minimum value |
| 10 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 15 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 21 µm | Maximum value |
| • unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter | |
| 4 µm | Minimum value |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 8 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented obliquely | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length | |
| 4 µm | Minimum value |
| 10 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 13 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 14 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter | |
| 15 µm | Minimum value |
| 25 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 30 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 42 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt) | |
| 10.3 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq) | |
| 0.3 | Mean (= average) |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • kind | |
| paraepidermal | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| beaded | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness | |
| 2 µm | Minimum value |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number | |
| one | |
| • structure {in plan view} | |
| infrequently lobed | |
| • lobes width | |
| 8 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • lobes septa presence | |
| present | |
| • mantle different layers presence | |
| not discernible | |
| • unlayered mantle organization | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • unlayered mantle hyphae tangentially length | |
| 10 µm | Minimum value |
| 12 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 18 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 22 µm | Maximum value |
| • unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter | |
| 4 µm | Minimum value |
| 6 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 8 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 12 µm | Maximum value |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| radially-oval to -elliptic | |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length | |
| 7 µm | Minimum value |
| 8 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 15 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 17 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter | |
| 30 µm | Minimum value |
| 33 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 38 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 44 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt | |
| 11.6 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq | |
| 0.3 | Mean (= average) |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • kind | |
| paraepidermal | |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| cylindrical | |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells thickness | |
| 1 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • structure {in plan view} | |
| infrequently lobed | |
| • intrahyphal hyphae presence | |
| present | |
| • intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • septal pores configuration | |
| Woronin bodies | |
| • backwards-oriented ramifications presence | |
| absent | |
| • backwards-oriented clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • shape | |
| straight | |
| or | wavy [slightly] |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| membranaceously brownish | |
| • cell contents presence-kind | |
| absent | |
| • drops of exuded pigment presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • kind | |
| approximately 90° | |
| • distance {from septum} | |
| one or two hyphal diam. below the septum | |
| or | in considerable distance from the septum |
| • side-branches at septum number | |
| one side-branch at septum | |
| or | two true (at one height) side-branches at septum |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae point of ramification thickness {relative to main part of branch} | |
| as thick as main part of branch | |
| • clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape | |
| even | |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end} | |
| simple [infrequently] | |
| or | ramified |
| or | tortuous, screw-like [often forming structures similar to balls] |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter | |
| 4 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 6 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 7 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length | |
| 20 µm | Minimum value |
| 25 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 50 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 75 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| or | rough of warts [at some places] |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface structures shape | |
| nearly spherical warts | |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness | |
| 1 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 3 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall {apart from tip} evenness | |
| uneven in thickness | |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • length | |
| 0 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.4 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence | |
| absent | |
| • {of foreign origin} presence | |
| absent | |
| • reaction with KOH 10% presence | |
| absent | |
| • reaction with lactic acid presence | |
| absent | |
| • reaction with Melzer's reagent presence | |
| absent | |
| • geographic occurrence continent | |
| Europe | |
| • plant family | |
| Fagaceae | |
| • plant genus | |
| Quercus | |
| • plant habitat kind | |
| nursery | |
| or | forests, woods |
| or | gardens, parks |
| • family | |
| Pyronemataceae | |