"Piceirhiza bicolorata" + Picea

– Item listing –

Literature

• references
  Brand F, Gronbach E, Taylor AFS (1992) Piceirhiza bicolorata. In Agerer R (ed) Colour Atlas of Ectomycorrhizae, plate 73, Einhorn-Verlag, Schwäbisch Gmünd.
Gronbach E (1988) Charakterisierung und Identifizierung von Ektomykorrhizen in einem Fichtenbestand mit Untersuchungen zur Merkmalsvariabilität in sauer beregneten Flächen. Bibl Mycol 125: 1-216.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification presence-type
  absent
or    monopodial-pinnate
• ramification orders
0     Mean (= average)
• abundance
  solitary or in small numbers
• main axis diameter
0.4 mm    Mean (= average)
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
• rhizomorphs presence
  absent
Morphology of the unramified ends
• shape
  straight
or    bent
or    beaded
• shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter
0.4 mm    Mean (= average)
• colour
  black
or    white
• very tip colour
  whitish
• older parts colour
  black
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
• mantle transparency
  not transparent
• mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
• mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
  shiny
• mantle surface {in detail} kind
  densely woolly
• emanating hyphae presence
  present
• emanating hyphae abundance
  abundant
• emanating hyphae distribution
  concentrated proximally
Morphology of sclerotia
• presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
• matrix presence
  present
• matrix location
  inner mantle layer
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• mantle type
  hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B)
• hyphal system kind
  forked
and    with rather short, obtuse, even finger-like branches
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell shape
  cylindric, constricted at septa
• cell pigment location-colour
  absent
and    membranaceously brownish
• cell diameter
2 µm    Mean (= average)
3 µm    Maximum value
• cell length
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, without pattern
• cell pigment location-colour
  colourless
or    membranaceously brownish
• cell diameter
2 µm    Mean (= average)
3 µm    Maximum value
• cell length
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• matrix kind
  gelatinous
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell pigment location-colour
  absent
or    membranaceously brownish
• cell diameter
2 µm    Mean (= average)
3 µm    Maximum value
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
20 µm    Mean (= average)
• mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
20 µm    Mean (= average)
• mantle different layers presence
  discernable
• outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
• outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
1.5 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Maximum value
• outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1.5 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
8 µm    Maximum value
• middle mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
• middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
1.5 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Maximum value
• middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1.5 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
8 µm    Maximum value
• inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
• inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
1.5 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Maximum value
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1.5 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
8 µm    Maximum value

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• rows number
2     Mean (= average)
• shape
  tangentially-oval, -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis
• tangentially length
35 µm    Minimum value
50 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
100 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• radially diameter
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
17 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Maximum value
• mean tangenial length TCt
70.3 µm    Mean (= average)
• mean shape-ratio TCq
5.7     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented obliquely
or    tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
55 µm    Minimum value
70 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
100 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
115 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
12 µm    Minimum value
15 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
86.1 µm    Mean (= average)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
4.7     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• kind
  protruding towards endodermis
or    in two rows, not reaching endodermis
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section

Anatomy of the tannin cells in cross-section
• presence
  present
• rows number
1     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
3     Maximum value


Anatomy of the Hartig net in cross-section
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape
  roundish
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around tannin cells number
  one
or    two
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  roundish
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells thickness
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
• anastomoses type
  open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking
• anastomoses surface habit
  rough or with crystals
• anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae}
  as thick as
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
• shape
  not striking
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously brownish
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
• side-branches at septum number
  one side-branch at septum

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
• clamps presence
  absent


Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
  even
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
  simple
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
45 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
80 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  rough of warts
or    without lens-shaped appositions
or    without spindle-shaped appositions
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface structures shape
  hemispherical warts
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.2 µm    Mean (= average)


Anatomy of rhizomorphs
• type
  lacking, only emanating hyphae present
(type G)

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
Anatomy of haustoria
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent

Autofluorescence

• whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
  absent
• whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
  absent
• mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
  present

Chemical reactions

• reaction with acid fuchsin presence
  present
• reaction with anilin presence
  absent
• reaction with brillant-cresyl-blue presence
  present
• reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  present
• reaction with ethanol 70% presence
  absent
• reaction with FeSO4 presence
  absent
• reaction with guaiac presence
  absent
• reaction with lactic acid presence
  absent
• reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
• reaction with phenole presence
  present
• reaction with ruthenium-red presence
  absent
• reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  present

Ecology

• geographic occurrence continent
  Europe

Tree

• plant family
  Pinaceae
• plant genus
  Picea
• plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Remarks

• public notes
  Mycorrhizal ends of two colours, upper one third whitish to hyaline, other parts black-brown; mantle in longitudinal section with hyphae tangentially infrequently up to 20 um long; autofluorescence of mantle in section with blue-filter slightly orange; mantle in sulfo-vanillin and in brillant-cresyl-blue with violet hyphal walls, in cotton-blue greenish-brown, in phenole walls olive-brown, in acid fuchsin walls reddish-brown.

– Item listing –