• references | |
Brand F, Gronbach E, Taylor AFS (1992) Piceirhiza bicolorata. In Agerer R (ed) Colour Atlas of Ectomycorrhizae, plate 73, Einhorn-Verlag, Schwäbisch Gmünd. Gronbach E (1988) Charakterisierung und Identifizierung von Ektomykorrhizen in einem Fichtenbestand mit Untersuchungen zur Merkmalsvariabilität in sauer beregneten Flächen. Bibl Mycol 125: 1-216. |
• length | |
0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
3 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• ramification presence-type | |
absent | |
or | monopodial-pinnate |
• ramification orders | |
0 | Mean (= average) |
• abundance | |
solitary or in small numbers | |
• main axis diameter | |
0.4 mm | Mean (= average) |
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence | |
absent | |
• rhizomorphs presence | |
absent |
• shape | |
straight | |
or | bent |
or | beaded |
• shape {of distal end} | |
not inflated, cylindric | |
• length | |
0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
3 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• diameter | |
0.4 mm | Mean (= average) |
• colour | |
black | |
or | white |
• very tip colour | |
whitish | |
• older parts colour | |
black | |
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility | |
present | |
• mantle transparency | |
not transparent | |
• mantle laticifers visibility | |
absent | |
• mantle dots presence-colour | |
absent | |
• mantle carbonizing presence | |
absent | |
• mantle surface {in general} habit | |
shiny | |
• mantle surface {in detail} kind | |
densely woolly | |
• emanating hyphae presence | |
present | |
• emanating hyphae abundance | |
abundant | |
• emanating hyphae distribution | |
concentrated proximally |
• presence | |
absent |
• presence | |
absent |
• matrix presence | |
present | |
• matrix location | |
inner mantle layer |
• organisation | |
plectenchymatous | |
• mantle type | |
hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B) | |
• hyphal system kind | |
forked | |
and | with rather short, obtuse, even finger-like branches |
• septa clamps presence | |
absent | |
• cell shape | |
cylindric, constricted at septa | |
• cell pigment location-colour | |
absent | |
and | membranaceously brownish |
• cell diameter | |
2 µm | Mean (= average) |
3 µm | Maximum value |
• cell length | |
3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
20 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• cell wall surface habit | |
smooth | |
• drops of exuded pigment presence | |
absent |
• organisation | |
plectenchymatous | |
• hyphae arrangement | |
plectenchymatous, without pattern | |
• cell pigment location-colour | |
colourless | |
or | membranaceously brownish |
• cell diameter | |
2 µm | Mean (= average) |
3 µm | Maximum value |
• cell length | |
3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
20 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• cell wall surface habit | |
smooth |
• organisation | |
plectenchymatous | |
• matrix kind | |
gelatinous | |
• septa clamps presence | |
absent | |
• cell pigment location-colour | |
absent | |
or | membranaceously brownish |
• cell diameter | |
2 µm | Mean (= average) |
3 µm | Maximum value |
• mantle thickness {apart from tip} | |
20 µm | Mean (= average) |
• mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip} | |
20 µm | Mean (= average) |
• mantle different layers presence | |
discernable | |
• outer mantle layer organisation | |
plectenchymatous | |
• outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
1.5 µm | Minimum value |
2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
2.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
6 µm | Maximum value |
• outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
1.5 µm | Minimum value |
2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
2.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
8 µm | Maximum value |
• middle mantle layer organisation | |
plectenchymatous | |
• middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
1.5 µm | Minimum value |
2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
2.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
6 µm | Maximum value |
• middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
1.5 µm | Minimum value |
2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
2.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
8 µm | Maximum value |
• inner mantle layer organisation | |
plectenchymatous | |
• inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
1.5 µm | Minimum value |
2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
2.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
6 µm | Maximum value |
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
1.5 µm | Minimum value |
2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
2.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
8 µm | Maximum value |
• presence | |
present | |
• rows number | |
2 | Mean (= average) |
• shape | |
tangentially-oval, -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis | |
• tangentially length | |
35 µm | Minimum value |
50 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
100 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• radially diameter | |
5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
17 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
25 µm | Maximum value |
• mean tangenial length TCt | |
70.3 µm | Mean (= average) |
• mean shape-ratio TCq | |
5.7 | Mean (= average) |
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented obliquely | |
or | tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis |
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length | |
55 µm | Minimum value |
70 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
100 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
115 µm | Maximum value |
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter | |
12 µm | Minimum value |
15 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
25 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt) | |
86.1 µm | Mean (= average) |
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq) | |
4.7 | Mean (= average) |
• presence | |
present | |
• kind | |
protruding towards endodermis | |
or | in two rows, not reaching endodermis |
• presence | |
present | |
• rows number | |
1 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
2 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
3 | Maximum value |
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape | |
roundish | |
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness | |
1 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around tannin cells number | |
one | |
or | two |
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
roundish | |
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells thickness | |
1 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
2 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number | |
one |
• anastomoses type | |
open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking | |
• anastomoses surface habit | |
rough or with crystals | |
• anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae} | |
as thick as |
• shape | |
not striking | |
• cell pigment location-colour | |
membranaceously brownish | |
• drops of exuded pigment presence | |
absent |
• side-branches at septum number | |
one side-branch at septum |
• clamps presence | |
absent |
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape | |
even | |
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end} | |
simple | |
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter | |
2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
2.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length | |
5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
45 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
80 µm | Maximum value |
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit | |
rough of warts | |
or | without lens-shaped appositions |
or | without spindle-shaped appositions |
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface structures shape | |
hemispherical warts | |
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness | |
0.2 µm | Mean (= average) |
• type | |
lacking, only emanating hyphae present (type G) |
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence | |
absent |
• whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence | |
absent | |
• whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence | |
absent | |
• mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence | |
present |
• geographic occurrence continent | |
Europe |
• plant family | |
Pinaceae | |
• plant genus | |
Picea | |
• plant habitat kind | |
forests, woods |
• public notes | |
Mycorrhizal ends of two colours, upper one third whitish to hyaline, other parts black-brown; mantle in longitudinal section with hyphae tangentially infrequently up to 20 um long; autofluorescence of mantle in section with blue-filter slightly orange; mantle in sulfo-vanillin and in brillant-cresyl-blue with violet hyphal walls, in cotton-blue greenish-brown, in phenole walls olive-brown, in acid fuchsin walls reddish-brown. |