Tomentella galzinii Bourd. + Quercus

Literature

Jakucs E, Agerer R, Bratek Z (1997) "Quercirhiza fibulocystidiata" + Quercus spec. Descr Ectomyc 2: 67-71.
Jakucs E, Agerer R, Bratek Z (1998) "Quercirhiza fibulocystidiata". In Agerer R (ed) Colour Atlas of Ectomycorrhizae, plate 132, Einhorn-Verlag, Schwäbisch Gmünd.
Köljalg U, Jakucs E, Boka K, Agerer R (2001) Three ectomycorrhiza with cystidia formed by different Tomentella species as revealed by rDNA ITS sequences and anatomical characteristics. Folia Cryptog. Estonia Facs. 38: 27-39.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system

• length
0 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification presence-type
	monopodial-pinnate
or	monopodial-pyramidal
• tips {per 10 mm} number
10	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
16	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification orders
0	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• main axis diameter
0.25 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
	absent
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
	absent
• rhizomorphs presence
	present
• rhizomorphs frequency
	infrequent

Morphology of the unramified ends

• shape
	straight
or	constricted between older and younger parts
• shape {of distal end}
	not inflated, cylindric
or	inflated, club-shaped
• length
0 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter
0.3 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
	brown
or	yellow
or	green
• very tip colour
	yellowish
or	greenish
• older parts colour
	brown
or	green
• mantle cortical cells visibility
	not visible
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
	present
• mantle transparency
	not transparent
• mantle laticifers visibility
	absent
• mantle dots presence-colour
	absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
	absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
	shiny
or	not smooth
• mantle surface {in detail} kind
	loosely short-spiny
or	densely long-spiny
• emanating hyphae presence
	present
• emanating hyphae abundance
	infrequent

Morphology of rhizomorphs

• cross-section shape
	round or roundish
• connection to mantle kind
	distinct
• margin habit
	hairy

Morphology of sclerotia

• presence
	absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza

• emanating elements presence-type
	rhizomorphs
or	cystidia
• emanating elements cystidia location
	on outer mantle layer

Anatomy of laticifers

• presence
	absent

Anatomical features of the mantle

• matrix presence
	present
• matrix location
	outer mantle layer {apart from tip}

Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip

• organisation
	pseudoparenchymatous
• organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape
	angular
• mantle type
	angular cells (type L)
• matrix kind
	gelatinous
• septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
	as thick as walls
• septa clamps presence
	absent
• cell pigment location-colour
	membranaceously yellowish
• cell diameter
5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
8 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
13 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell density
10	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
12	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall thickness
0.5 µm	Mean (= average)
1 µm	Maximum value
• cell wall with globular thickenings
	absent
• cell wall surface habit
	smooth
and	with many soil particles
• cell wall projections presence
	absent
• drops of exuded pigment presence
	present

Anatomy of the middle mantle layer

• organisation
	pseudoparenchymatous
• cell pigment location-colour
	membranaceously yellowish
• cell diameter
3.5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
7 µm	Maximum value
• cell length
8 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
16 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
25 µm	Maximum value
• cell density
10	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
12	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell contents presence-kind
	absent
• cell wall surface habit
	smooth

Anatomy of the inner mantle layer

• organisation
	plectenchymatous
or	pseudoparenchymatous
• hyphae arrangement
	star-like
• cell pigment location-colour
	membranaceously yellowish
• cell diameter
4 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
8 µm	Maximum value
• cell length
9 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
14 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
16 µm	Maximum value

Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip

• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
	pseudoparenchymatous
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} cell density
11	Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section

• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
25 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
25 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mantle different layers presence
	discernable
• outer mantle layer organisation
	pseudoparenchymatous
• outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
9 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
12 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
15 µm	Maximum value
• outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
4 µm	Minimum value
6 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• inner mantle layer organisation
	pseudoparenchymatous
• inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
4 µm	Minimum value
6 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
12 µm	Maximum value
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
4 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
7 µm	Maximum value

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section

• presence
	absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section

• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
	radially-oval to -elliptic, oriented obliquely
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
8 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
38 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
54 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
60 µm	Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
13.8 µm	Mean (= average)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
0.25	Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section

• presence
	present
• kind
	paraepidermal
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
	roundish
or	cylindrical
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
2 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• structure {in plan view}
	of palmetti type
• lobes width
1 µm	Minimum value
1.5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4 µm	Maximum value

Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section

Anatomy of the emanating elements in general

• intrahyphal hyphae presence
	present

Anatomy of cystidia

Anatomy of cystidia (type 1)

• type
	awl-shaped, bristle-like (type A)
• ramification presence-position
	absent
• septa presence
	present
• septa kind
	with intercalary clamps
• diameter {proximal}
4 µm	Minimum value
5.6 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
7 µm	Maximum value
• diameter {distal}
2 µm	Minimum value
3 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.3 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4 µm	Maximum value
• length
40 µm	Minimum value
48 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
55 µm	Maximum value
• cell wall thickness {relative to mantle cells}
	thicker
• cell wall evenness
	uneven in thickness
• surface habit
	smooth
• contents presence
	present
• contents type
	with blue granules

Anatomy of emanating hyphae

• shape
	wavy
• cell pigment location-colour
	membranaceously yellowish
• pigment presence-distribution
	only proximal

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae

• presence
	present
• kind
	Y-shaped
• distance {from septum}
	one or two hyphal diam. below the septum
• side-branches at septum number
	one side-branch at septum

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae

• clamps presence
	present
• clamps outline {in dorsal view}
	oval
• clamps outline {in lateral view}
	as a semicircle
• clamps hole presence
	absent
• clamps blister-like structure {at basis} presence
	absent

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae

• presence
	present
• abundance
	infrequent
• distribution
	not specified

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae

• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
	slightly constricted
or	with ellbow-like protrusions
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
2 µm	Minimum value
2.6 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm	Maximum value
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
25 µm	Minimum value
40 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
	smooth
or	without lens-shaped appositions
or	without spindle-shaped appositions
or	with soil particles
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.2 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of rhizomorphs

• type
	undifferentiated; hyphae rather loosely woven and of uniform diameter (type A)
• nodia presence
	absent
• internal nodia presence
	absent
• gelatinous matrix presence
	present
• gelatinized hyphae presence
	absent
• cup-like structures on surface presence
	absent
• conical young side-branches presence
	absent
• a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence
	absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs

• ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
	absent

Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs

• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
	absent

Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs

• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
	absent

Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs

• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
	absent

Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs

• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
	absent

Anatomy of chlamydospores

• presence
	absent

Anatomy of haustoria

• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
	absent
• {of foreign origin} presence
	absent

Anatomy of nuclei

• number {per cell}
2	Mean (= average)

Autofluorescence

• whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
	absent
• whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
	absent
• mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence
	present
• mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
	present
• mantle in section green-filter, 530-560 nm presence
	present

Chemical reactions

• reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
	present
• reaction with ethanol 70% presence
	absent
• reaction with FeSO4 presence
	absent
• reaction with guaiac presence
	absent
• reaction with KOH 10% presence
	absent
• reaction with lactic acid presence
	absent
• reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
	absent
• reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
	absent

Ecology

• geographic occurrence continent
	Europe

Tree

• plant family
	Fagaceae
• plant genus
	Quercus
• plant habitat kind
	forests, woods

Fungus

• family
	Thelephoraceae ss. Stalpers. excl. Tylospora
• subfamily
	unknown
• subgenus-section
	unknown
• subsection
	unknown
• fruitbodies growth habit
	corticioid

Remarks

• public notes

Mycorrhizal systems irregularly monopodial-pinnate to monopodial-pyramidal; mycorrhizal ends infrequently slightly bent, sometimes slightly clavate, yellowish green (olive-green), sometimes slightly brown, very tips lighter yellowish green, older parts greenish-brown to brown; outer mantle surface gelatinous; middle mantle layers in plan view with irregularly epidermoid cells; inner mantle layers in plan view plectenchymatous to pseudoparenchymatous, cells irregularly epidermoid, sometimes star-like in pattern; outer mantle layers of very tip in surface view with angular cells; cystidia with a foot-cell, yellowish only below the intercalary clamp, rarely with an exuded drop of pigment; emanting hyphae septal distances are measured between clamps; autofluorescence of mantle in section with UV-filter light blue and outer part somewhat yellowish, with blue-filter yellow and outer part more intense, with green-filter red and outer part more intense; mantle in cotton-blue green; nuclei lying very close together.

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