| • references | |
| Nuytinck J, Verbeken A, Rinaldi AC, Leonardi M, Pacioni G, Comandini O (2004) Characterization of Lactarius tesquorum ectomycorrhizae on Cistus sp. and molecular phylogeny of related European Lactarius taxa. Mycologia 96(2): 272-282. | |
| • length | |
| 1.26 mm | Minimum value |
| 1.47 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2.65 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 3.23 mm | Maximum value |
| • ramification presence-type | |
| monopodial-pinnate | |
| • main axis diameter | |
| 0.26 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.35 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs presence | |
| present | |
| • rhizomorphs frequency | |
| infrequent | |
| • exploration type | |
| medium distance smooth | |
| • mantle hydrophobicity presence | |
| absent | |
| • shape | |
| straight | |
| or | bent |
| • length | |
| 0.44 mm | Minimum value |
| 0.65 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 1.18 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 1.32 mm | Maximum value |
| • diameter | |
| 0.23 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.32 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • colour | |
| ochre, yellowish brown | |
| or | yellowish |
| • very tip colour | |
| ochre, yellowish brown | |
| or | yellowish |
| • older parts colour | |
| dark brown | |
| or | brown |
| or | ochre, yellowish brown |
| • mantle cortical cells visibility | |
| visible | |
| • mantle transparency | |
| semi-transparent, opaque | |
| • mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence | |
| present | |
| • mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} colour-habit | |
| white, remaining white after some minutes | |
| • mantle surface {in general} habit | |
| shiny | |
| or | smooth |
| or | covered with soil particles |
| • emanating hyphae presence | |
| absent | |
| • diameter | |
| 0.03 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.07 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • colour | |
| concolourous to mantle | |
| • connection to mantle kind | |
| distinct | |
| • origin location | |
| proximal | |
| • margin habit | |
| smooth | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • emanating elements presence-type | |
| rhizomorphs | |
| • crystals presence | |
| absent | |
| • blue granules presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • location | |
| middle mantle layer | |
| or | rhizomorphs |
| • shape | |
| straight and even | |
| • septa presence | |
| present | |
| • contents colour | |
| colourless | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 8 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell wall thickness | |
| 0.1 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • mantle type | |
| hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B) | |
| • hyphal system kind | |
| undifferentiated | |
| • hyphae short protrusions presence | |
| present [elbow-like] | |
| • hyphae hyphal junctions angle {between} | |
| ca. 120° | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 3 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| • drops of exuded pigment presence | |
| absent | |
| • roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence | |
| absent | |
| • pigment granula on surface presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous [densely plectenchymatous to nearly pseudoparenchymatous] | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| plectenchymatous, without pattern | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 4 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous [densely plectenchymatous to nearly pseudoparenchymatous] | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| ring-like | |
| • hyphae vessel-like presence | |
| absent | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 4 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 7 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation | |
| like other parts of mantle | |
| • mantle thickness {apart from tip} | |
| 10 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 15 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • calyptra cell remnants presence | |
| present [possibly regarded as tannin cells] | |
| • mantle different layers presence | |
| not discernable | |
| • unlayered mantle organization | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • unlayered mantle hyphae tangentially length | |
| 4 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter | |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • laticifers diameter | |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 8 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • presence | |
| present [possibly only collapsed calyptra cells] | |
| • radially diameter | |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| radially-oval to -elliptic | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length | |
| 13 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 22 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter | |
| 35 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 47 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • kind | |
| periepidermal [surrounds 1(2) rows of cortical cells] | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| roundish | |
| or | cylindrical |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness | |
| 1.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • structure {in plan view} | |
| of palmetti type | |
| • lobes width | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • type | |
| differentiated; thick hyphae forming a core, septa complete or sometimes enlarged (type E) |
|
| or | highly differentiated; thick hyphae forming mostly a core, septa often partially or completely dissolved (type F) [with respect to septal distances highly questionabale] |
| • hyphae distinctly different diameter | |
| present | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • geographic occurrence continent | |
| Europe | |
| • plant family | |
| Cistaceae | |
| • plant genus | |
| Cistus | |
| • plant habitat kind | |
| dwarf shrub vegetation | |
| • family | |
| Russulaceae | |
| • subgenus-section | |
| Lactarius subg. Piperites | |
| or | Lactarius sect. Piperites |
| • fruitbodies growth habit | |
| epigeous | |
| or | pileate-lamellate |