Alnirhiza spinosa + Alnus

– Item listing –

Literature

• references
  Pritsch K, Becerra A, Pölme S, Tedersoo L, Schloter M, Agerer R (2010) Description and identification of Alnus acuminata ectomycorrhizae from Argentinean alder stands. Mycologia 102(6): 1263-1273 [In Pritsch et al. (2010) as Tomentella cf. stuposa]

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
45 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate [irregularly]
• ramification orders
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
3     Maximum value
• abundance
  abundant, dense
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
• rhizomorphs presence
  absent
• exploration type
  short distance
Morphology of the unramified ends
• mantle hydrophobicity presence
  present
• shape
  straight
or    tortuous [straight to tortuous]
• shape {of distal end}
  tapering
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
22 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter
0.2 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
  brown
or    ochre, yellowish brown
• older parts colour
  dark brown
• mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
• mantle transparency
  not transparent
• mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
• mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
• mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
  glistening
• mantle surface {in detail} kind
  densely short-spiny
• emanating hyphae presence
  present
Morphology of sclerotia
• presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
• emanating elements presence-type
  emanating hyphae
or    cystidia
• crystals presence
  absent
• blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
• anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
• completeness
  complete
• matrix presence
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape
  angular
and    roundish
• mantle type
  angular cells (type L)
• clavate end cell cover presence
  absent
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously brownish
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
• cell diameter
16 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
26 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
38 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell density
5     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall thickness
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Mean (= average)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
• roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
• pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
• presence
  present
• organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• cell shape
  polygonal
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously brownish
• cell diameter
11 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
21 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
18 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
34 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell density
5     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• hyphae arrangement
  without pattern
• septa clamps presence
  present
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously brownish
• cell diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
45 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
65 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mantle different layers presence
  discernable
• outer mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
12 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
27 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• middle mantle layer presence
  present
• middle mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
12 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
27 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
• inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
• presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  rectangular
or    tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
13 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
24 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
13 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• kind
  periepidermal
or    paraepidermal
• structure {in plan view}
  infrequently lobed
• lobes width
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
• intrahyphal hyphae presence
  absent
• backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  present
• backwards-oriented clamps presence
  present
Anatomy of cystidia

Anatomy of cystidia (type 1)
• type
  bottle-shaped with a straight neck (type B)
or    bottle-shaped with a bent neck (type C)
• branches ramification presence
  absent
• septa presence
  absent
• basal clamp walls abruptly thick
  absent
• foot cell presence
  absent
• diameter {proximal}
8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter {distal}
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• length
37 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
65 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall colour
  brownish
• cell wall thickness {relative to mantle cells}
  similar in thickness
• cell wall evenness
  uneven in thickness
• surface habit
  smooth
• contents presence
  absent

Anatomy of emanating hyphae
• shape
  straight
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously brownish
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
• presence
  present
• kind
  Y-shaped
• distance {from septum}
  in considerable distance from the septum
• side-branches at septum number
  one side-branch at septum
or    two true (at one height) side-branches at septum

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
• clamps presence
  present
• clamps outline {in dorsal view}
  oval
• clamps outline {in lateral view}
  less than a semicircle
• clamps width {relative to hypha in lateral view}
  thinner than
• clamps hole presence
  present

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae
• presence
  present
• abundance
  abundant
• distribution
  evenly distributed

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
  simple
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
9.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
46 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness at tip {relative to remaining cell wall}
  thinner


Anatomy of rhizomorphs

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
Anatomy of chlamydospores
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
• {of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

• reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  present [slightly blue]
• reaction with ethanol 70% presence
  absent
• reaction with KOH 10% presence
  present [whole mycorrhiza bleaching]
• reaction with lactic acid presence
  present [whole mycorrhiza bleaching]
• reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
• reaction with NH4OH
  absent
• reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  absent

Ecology

• geographic occurrence continent
  South America

Tree

• plant family
  Betulaceae
• plant genus
  Alnus
• plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

• family
  Thelephoraceae ss. Stalpers. excl. Tylospora

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