Gomphidius roseus (Fr.) P. Karst. + Pinus

Literature

Agerer R (1990) Studies on ectomycorrhizae XXIV. Ectomycorrhizae of Chroogomphus helveticus and C. rutilus (Gomphidiaceae, Basidiomycetes) and their relationship to those of Suillus and Rhizopogon. Nova Hedwigia 50: 1-63.
Agerer R (1991) Studies on ectomycorrhizae XXXIV. Mycorrhizae of Gomphidius glutinosus and of G. roseus with some remarks on Gomphidiaceae (Basidiomycetes). Nova Hedwigia 53: 127-170.
Agerer R (1992) Gomphidius roseus. In Agerer R (ed) Colour Atlas of Ectomycorrhizae, plate 71, Einhorn-Verlag, Schwäbisch Gmünd.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system

• length
0 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.3 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification presence-type
	dichotomous
• ramification orders
0	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• abundance
	solitary or in small numbers
• main axis diameter
0.36 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.45 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
	absent
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
	absent
• rhizomorphs presence
	present
• rhizomorphs frequency
	infrequent
• exploration type
	medium distance smooth
or	pick-a-back

Morphology of the unramified ends

• shape
	straight
• shape {of distal end}
	not inflated, cylindric
• length
0 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1.2 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter
0.36 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.45 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
	brown
• very tip colour
	whitish
• older parts colour
	brown
• mantle cortical cells visibility
	not visible
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
	present
• mantle transparency
	not transparent
• mantle laticifers visibility
	absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
	absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
	shiny
or	smooth
or	not smooth
• mantle surface {in detail} kind
	loosely long-spiny
• emanating hyphae presence
	present
• emanating hyphae abundance
	infrequent

Morphology of rhizomorphs

• dimorphism presence
	absent

Morphology of sclerotia

• presence
	absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza

• emanating elements presence-type
	rhizomorphs
or	cystidia
• emanating elements cystidia location
	on outer mantle layer
• blue granules presence
	absent

Anatomy of laticifers

• presence
	absent

Anatomical features of the mantle

• matrix presence
	absent

Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip

• organisation
	plectenchymatous
• mantle type
	hyphae arranged net-like, with prominent cystidia (type D)
• septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
	thicker than walls
• cell shape
	cylindric, not constricted at septa
• cell pigment location-colour
	absent
• cell contents presence-kind
	absent
• cell diameter
4 µm	Minimum value
6 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
9 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
15 µm	Maximum value
• cell wall thickness
0.2 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
	smooth
• drops of exuded pigment presence
	absent

Anatomy of the middle mantle layer

• organisation
	plectenchymatous
• hyphae arrangement
	plectenchymatous, without pattern
• cell contents presence-kind
	absent
• cell wall thickness
0 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
	smooth

Anatomy of the inner mantle layer

• organisation
	plectenchymatous with pseudoparenchymatous nests of cells
• septa clamps presence
	absent
or	present
• cell diameter
2 µm	Minimum value
3 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
8 µm	Maximum value
• cell contents presence-kind
	absent

Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip

• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
	plectenchymatous
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} hyphae diameter
2.5 µm	Minimum value
3 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section

• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
10 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
15 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mantle different layers presence
	not discernable
• outer mantle layer organisation
	plectenchymatous
• middle mantle layer organisation
	plectenchymatous
• inner mantle layer organisation
	plectenchymatous
• unlayered mantle hyphae tangentially length
1.5 µm	Minimum value
2.5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
30 µm	Maximum value
• unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter
1.5 µm	Minimum value
2.5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
10 µm	Maximum value

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section

• presence
	present
• shape
	tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented obliquely
or	tangentially-oval, -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis
• tangentially length
15 µm	Minimum value
25 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
95 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• radially diameter
5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
40 µm	Maximum value
• mean tangenial length TCt
44.5 µm	Mean (= average)
• mean shape-ratio TCq
4.5	Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section

• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
	radially-oval to -elliptic
or	tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
15 µm	Minimum value
20 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
55 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
65 µm	Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
15 µm	Minimum value
20 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
40 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
50 µm	Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
34.5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
39.5 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
1.1	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1.2	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section

• presence
	present
• kind
	protruding towards endodermis
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape
	roundish
or	cylindrical
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness
3 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm	Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around tannin cells number
	one
or	two
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
	roundish
or	cylindrical
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
2 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4 µm	Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
	one
• structure {in plan view}
	of palmetti type
• lobes width
1.5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4 µm	Maximum value

Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section

• mantle different layers presence
	not discernible
• outer mantle layer organisation
	plectenchymatous
• middle mantle layer organisation
	plectenchymatous
• inner mantle layer organisation
	plectenchymatous
• unlayered mantle hyphae tangentially length
2 µm	Minimum value
3 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
20 µm	Maximum value
• unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter
2 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in cross-section

• presence
	present
• rows number
1	Mean (= average)
• shape
	tangentially-oval to tangentially-elliptic
• tangentially length
20 µm	Minimum value
25 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
45 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
60 µm	Maximum value
• radially diameter
3 µm	Minimum value
5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mean tangential length TCt
37 µm	Mean (= average)
• mean shape-ratio TCq
7.2	Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the cortical cells in cross-section

• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
	round
or	tangentially-oval to tangentially-elliptic
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
15 µm	Minimum value
25 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
55 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
70 µm	Maximum value
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
20 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
35 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt
36.8 µm	Mean (= average)
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq
1.4	Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in cross-section

• presence
	present
• kind
	protruding towards endodermis
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape
	roundish
or	cylindrical
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness
3 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm	Maximum value
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around tannin cells number
	one
or	two
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
	roundish
or	cylindrical
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells thickness
2 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4 µm	Maximum value
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
	one
• lobes width
1.5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4 µm	Maximum value
• structure {in plan view}
	of palmetti type

Anatomy of the emanating elements in general

• intrahyphal hyphae presence
	present
• septal pores configuration
	globular thickenings

Anatomy of cystidia

Anatomy of cystidia (type 1)

• type
	awl-shaped, bristle-like (type A)
• ramification presence-position
	absent
• septa presence
	absent
or	present
• septa kind
	absent, with basal clamp only
or	simple
• diameter {proximal}
2.5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• length
50 µm	Minimum value
80 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
110 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
170 µm	Maximum value
• cell wall thickness
0.5 µm	Mean (= average)
1 µm	Maximum value
• cell wall thickness {relative to mantle cells}
	thicker
• cell wall evenness
	even in thickness
• surface habit
	smooth

Anatomy of emanating hyphae

• shape
	wavy
• cell pigment location-colour
	absent
• drops of exuded pigment presence
	absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae

• presence
	present
• kind
	approximately 90°
• distance {from septum}
	one or two hyphal diam. below the septum
or	in considerable distance from the septum
• side-branches at septum number
	one side-branch at septum

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae

• clamps presence
	present
• clamps outline {in lateral view}
	less than a semicircle
or	not constricted at contact point to subtending hyphal cell
• clamps width {relative to hypha in lateral view}
	thinner than
• clamps hole presence
	present
• clamps blister-like structure {at basis} presence
	absent

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae

• presence
	present
• abundance
	infrequent
• distribution
	not specified

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae

• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
	even
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
3 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm	Maximum value
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
20 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
	smooth
or	without lens-shaped appositions
or	without spindle-shaped appositions
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
1.5 µm	Maximum value
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall {apart from tip} evenness
	even in thickness

Anatomy of rhizomorphs

• type
	undifferentiated; hyphae rather loosely woven and of uniform diameter (type A)
• internal nodia presence
	absent
• gelatinous matrix presence
	absent
• gelatinized hyphae presence
	present
• a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence
	absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs

• contents presence-kind
	absent

Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs

• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
	absent

Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs

• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
	absent

Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs

• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
	absent

Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs

• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
	absent

Anatomy of chlamydospores

• presence
	present
• type
	special features lacking
• diameter
15 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• length
20 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
35 µm	Maximum value

Anatomy of haustoria

• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
	present
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} abundance
	occasionally present
• {in foreign ectomycorrhizae} presence
	present
• {in foreign ectomycorrhizae} abundance
	consistently present in a tip
• {in foreign ectomycorrhizae} formed in fungal genus
	Suillus
• {of foreign origin} presence
	absent
• shape
	as coils
• diameter
3 µm	Minimum value
3.5 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4.5 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5.5 µm	Maximum value

Chemical reactions

• reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
	amyloid
or	dextrinoid
• amyloidity or dextrinoidity location
	patches of hyphal walls
or	hyphal tips, cystidial tips
or	septa, globular thickenings of septa
• amyloidity haustoria presence
	present

Ecology

• geographic occurrence continent
	Europe
• knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
	known

Tree

• plant family
	Pinaceae
• plant genus
	Pinus
• plant subgenus-section
	two-needle-pines
• plant habitat kind
	forests, woods

Fungus

• family
	Gomphidiaceae
• fruitbodies growth habit
	epigeous
or	pileate-lamellate

Remarks

• public notes
	Chlamydospores are formed in the mantle of Suilus bovinus ectomycorrhizae.

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