– Enlarged view – |
• references | |
Palfner G, Agerer R (1996) Die Ektomykorrhizen von Lactarius chrysorrheus und L. serifluus an Quercus robur. Sendtnera 3: 119-136. |
• length | |
0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
25 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• ramification presence-type | |
monopodial-pyramidal | |
• tips {per 10 mm} number | |
14 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
20 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• ramification orders | |
0 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
2 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• main axis diameter | |
0.3 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
0.4 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance | |
absent | |
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence | |
absent | |
• rhizomorphs presence | |
present | |
• rhizomorphs frequency | |
infrequent |
• shape | |
bent | |
or | sinuous |
• shape {of distal end} | |
not inflated, cylindric | |
• length | |
0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
0.9 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
2.4 mm | Maximum value |
• diameter | |
0.2 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
0.3 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• colour | |
brown | |
or | orange |
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility | |
present | |
• mantle laticifers visibility | |
absent | |
• mantle dots presence-colour | |
absent | |
• mantle carbonizing presence | |
absent | |
• mantle surface {in general} habit | |
smooth | |
or | covered with soil particles |
• emanating hyphae presence | |
present | |
• emanating hyphae abundance | |
infrequent |
• diameter | |
0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
0.1 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• cross-section shape | |
round or roundish | |
• colour | |
brown | |
or | red |
or | whitish |
• margin habit | |
smooth | |
• dimorphism presence | |
absent |
• presence | |
absent |
• emanating elements presence-type | |
rhizomorphs | |
• blue granules presence | |
absent |
• presence | |
absent | |
or | present |
• location | |
middle mantle layer | |
or | rhizomorphs |
• shape | |
straight and even | |
• ramification presence-abundance | |
abundant | |
• cell diameter | |
3 µm | Minimum value |
6 µm | Mean (= average) |
10 µm | Maximum value |
• organisation | |
pseudoparenchymatous | |
• organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape | |
angular | |
• mantle type | |
angular cells bearing a hyphal net (type P) | |
• hyphal net cells shape | |
triangular with obtuse ends | |
• hyphal net cells diameter | |
3 µm | Minimum value |
7 µm | Mean (= average) |
13 µm | Maximum value |
• hyphal net cell walls habit | |
faint, delicate, inconspicuous, rather thin | |
and | distinct, rather thick |
• pores between cells presence | |
absent | |
• septa thickness {relative to cell walls} | |
as thick as walls | |
• septa clamps presence | |
absent | |
• cell pigment location-colour | |
membranaceously brownish | |
• cell diameter | |
7 µm | Minimum value |
11 µm | Mean (= average) |
18 µm | Maximum value |
• cell length | |
6 µm | Minimum value |
12 µm | Mean (= average) |
25 µm | Maximum value |
• cell density | |
10 | Minimum value |
12 | Mean (= average) |
14 | Maximum value |
• cell wall thickness | |
0.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
1 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• cell wall surface habit | |
smooth | |
and | with few soil particles |
• cell wall projections presence | |
present | |
• cell wall projections abundance | |
infrequent | |
• cell wall projections shape | |
even in thickness | |
• drops of exuded pigment presence | |
absent |
• organisation | |
plectenchymatous | |
• cell pigment location-colour | |
colourless | |
• cell diameter | |
3 µm | Minimum value |
5 µm | Mean (= average) |
6 µm | Maximum value |
• cell contents presence-kind | |
absent | |
• cell wall thickness | |
0.2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
0.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• cell wall surface habit | |
smooth |
• organisation | |
plectenchymatous | |
or | plectenchymatous with pseudoparenchymatous nests of cells |
• hyphae arrangement | |
without pattern | |
• septa clamps presence | |
absent | |
• cell diameter | |
2 µm | Minimum value |
3 µm | Mean (= average) |
4 µm | Maximum value |
• cell contents presence-kind | |
absent |
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation | |
like other parts of mantle | |
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} hyphae diameter | |
2 µm | Minimum value |
5 µm | Mean (= average) |
8 µm | Maximum value |
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} cell density | |
15 | Minimum value |
17 | Mean (= average) |
21 | Maximum value |
• mantle thickness {apart from tip} | |
10 µm | Minimum value |
25 µm | Mean (= average) |
40 µm | Maximum value |
• mantle different layers presence | |
discernable | |
• outer mantle layer organisation | |
pseudoparenchymatous | |
• outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
5 µm | Minimum value |
10 µm | Mean (= average) |
23 µm | Maximum value |
• outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
2 µm | Minimum value |
4 µm | Mean (= average) |
6 µm | Maximum value |
• middle mantle layer organisation | |
pseudoparenchymatous | |
• middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
2 µm | Minimum value |
5 µm | Mean (= average) |
10 µm | Maximum value |
• middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
3 µm | Minimum value |
4 µm | Mean (= average) |
7 µm | Maximum value |
• inner mantle layer organisation | |
pseudoparenchymatous | |
• inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
3 µm | Minimum value |
5 µm | Mean (= average) |
10 µm | Maximum value |
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
2 µm | Minimum value |
4 µm | Mean (= average) |
5 µm | Maximum value |
• laticifers diameter | |
3 µm | Minimum value |
4 µm | Mean (= average) |
8 µm | Maximum value |
• presence | |
absent |
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented obliquely | |
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length | |
5 µm | Minimum value |
10 µm | Mean (= average) |
20 µm | Maximum value |
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter | |
35 µm | Minimum value |
47 µm | Mean (= average) |
55 µm | Maximum value |
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq) | |
0.18 | Mean (= average) |
• presence | |
present | |
• kind | |
paraepidermal | |
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
roundish | |
or | cylindrical |
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number | |
one | |
• structure {in plan view} | |
of palmetti type | |
• lobes width | |
2 µm | Minimum value |
3 µm | Mean (= average) |
5 µm | Maximum value |
• mantle different layers presence | |
discernible | |
• outer mantle layer organisation | |
pseudoparenchymatous | |
• outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
5 µm | Minimum value |
10 µm | Mean (= average) |
23 µm | Maximum value |
• outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
2 µm | Minimum value |
4 µm | Mean (= average) |
6 µm | Maximum value |
• middle mantle layer organisation | |
pseudoparenchymatous | |
• middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
2 µm | Minimum value |
5 µm | Mean (= average) |
10 µm | Maximum value |
• middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
3 µm | Minimum value |
4 µm | Mean (= average) |
7 µm | Maximum value |
• inner mantle layer organisation | |
pseudoparenchymatous | |
• inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
3 µm | Minimum value |
5 µm | Mean (= average) |
10 µm | Maximum value |
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
2 µm | Minimum value |
4 µm | Mean (= average) |
5 µm | Maximum value |
• presence | |
absent |
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length | |
12 µm | Minimum value |
15 µm | Mean (= average) |
19 µm | Maximum value |
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter | |
10 µm | Minimum value |
14 µm | Mean (= average) |
28 µm | Maximum value |
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt | |
1.07 µm | Mean (= average) |
• presence | |
present | |
• kind | |
apparently two rows deep | |
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
roundish | |
or | beaded |
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells thickness | |
2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
3 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number | |
one | |
• lobes width | |
2 µm | Minimum value |
3 µm | Mean (= average) |
5 µm | Maximum value |
• structure {in plan view} | |
of palmetti type |
• clamps presence | |
absent | |
• clamps hole presence | |
absent | |
• clamps blister-like structure {at basis} presence | |
absent |
• type | |
undifferentiated; margins rather smooth; hyphae compactly arranged and of uniform diameter (type B) |
|
• gelatinized hyphae presence | |
absent | |
• cup-like structures on surface presence | |
absent | |
• a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence | |
absent |
• ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
absent |
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
absent |
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
absent |
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
absent |
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
absent |
• presence | |
absent |
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence | |
absent | |
• {of foreign origin} presence | |
absent |
• number {per cell} | |
2 | Mean (= average) |
• shape | |
round | |
• diameter | |
1.2 µm | Minimum value |
1.5 µm | Mean (= average) |
2 µm | Maximum value |
• length | |
1.2 µm | Minimum value |
1.5 µm | Mean (= average) |
2 µm | Maximum value |
• distance {between each other} | |
0 µm | Minimum value |
1.3 µm | Mean (= average) |
7 µm | Maximum value |
• geographic occurrence continent | |
Europe | |
• knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence | |
unknown |
• plant family | |
Fagaceae | |
• plant genus | |
Quercus | |
• plant habitat kind | |
forests, woods |
• family | |
Russulaceae | |
• subgenus-section | |
Lactarius sect. Russulares | |
• fruitbodies growth habit | |
epigeous | |
or | pileate-lamellate |
• public notes | |
Mycorrhizal systems monopodial-pyramidal to irregularly shaped; mycorrhizal ends orange-brown, laticifers only infrequently visible; thin rhizomorphs colourless and hyaline, when thicker then distinctly red-brown; laticifers with infrequent septa; autofluorescence of mantle in section with blue-filter with outer mantle layers orange-brown and inner layers yellow-green; mantle in sulfo-vanillin with wine-red to violet laticifers, in guaiac latex grey-blue, in FeSO4 laticifers olive-green to grey-green, in cotton blue only margins slightly bluish, in acid fuchsin rose to lilac, in safranine deeply red. |