| • references | |
| Brand F (1991) Ektomykorrhizen an Fagus sylvatica. Charakterisierung und Identifizierung, ökologische Kennzeichnung und unsterile Kultivierung. Libri Botanici 2: 1-229. Brand F (1991) Piloderma croceum. In Agerer R (ed) Colour Atlas of Ectomycorrhizae, plate 62, Einhorn-Verlag, Schwäbisch Gmünd. |
|
| • length | |
| 0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 6 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • ramification presence-type | |
| monopodial-pinnate | |
| or | irregularly pinnate, dichotomous-like |
| • ramification orders | |
| 0 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 1 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • abundance | |
| abundant, dense | |
| • main axis diameter | |
| 0.3 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.45 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 0.6 mm | Maximum value |
| • rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs presence | |
| present | |
| • rhizomorphs frequency | |
| abundant | |
| • exploration type | |
| medium distance fringe | |
| • shape | |
| bent | |
| or | sinuous |
| • shape {of distal end} | |
| not inflated, cylindric | |
| • length | |
| 0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 1.2 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • diameter | |
| 0.2 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.35 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • colour | |
| yellow | |
| • very tip colour | |
| yellow | |
| or | yellowish |
| • older parts colour | |
| ochre, yellowish brown | |
| or | white |
| • mantle cortical cells visibility | |
| not visible | |
| • mantle {distinct} surface visibility | |
| present | |
| • mantle laticifers visibility | |
| absent | |
| • mantle dots presence-colour | |
| absent | |
| • mantle carbonizing presence | |
| absent | |
| • mantle surface {in general} habit | |
| silvery | |
| or | not smooth |
| • mantle surface {in detail} kind | |
| loosely woolly | |
| or | loosely stringy |
| • emanating hyphae presence | |
| present | |
| • emanating hyphae abundance | |
| abundant | |
| • emanating hyphae distribution | |
| not specifically distributed | |
| • diameter | |
| 0.015 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.3 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • colour | |
| concolourous to mantle | |
| or | yellow |
| • ramification kind-frequency | |
| repeatedly into smaller filaments | |
| • connection to mantle kind | |
| oblique | |
| • origin location | |
| not specific | |
| or | distal |
| • margin habit | |
| hairy | |
| or | densely enveloped by hyphae |
| • dimorphism presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • emanating elements presence-type | |
| rhizomorphs | |
| • crystals presence | |
| present | |
| • crystals location | |
| emanating hyphae | |
| • blue granules presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • mantle type | |
| hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B) | |
| • hyphal system kind | |
| undifferentiated | |
| • septa thickness {relative to cell walls} | |
| as thick as walls | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell shape | |
| cylindric, not constricted at septa | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| absent | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 1.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell wall thickness | |
| 0.2 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • cell wall surface habit | |
| rough | |
| and | with many crystals |
| • crystals length | |
| 0 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Maximum value |
| • drops of exuded pigment presence | |
| present | |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| plectenchymatous, without pattern | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| colourless | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 1.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell wall thickness | |
| 0.2 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| without pattern | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| absent | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 1.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation | |
| like other parts of mantle | |
| • mantle thickness {apart from tip} | |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 25 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • mantle different layers presence | |
| not discernable | |
| • outer mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • middle mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • inner mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented obliquely | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length | |
| 11 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 20 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter | |
| 18 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 49 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq) | |
| 0.3 | Minimum value |
| 0.5 | Mean (= average) |
| 1.1 | Maximum value |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • kind | |
| periepidermal | |
| or | in two rows, not reaching endodermis |
| • mantle different layers presence | |
| not discernible | |
| • outer mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • middle mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • inner mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length | |
| 9 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 17 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter | |
| 12 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 22 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq | |
| 0.5 | Minimum value |
| 0.8 | Mean (= average) |
| 1.3 | Maximum value |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • kind | |
| apparently two rows deep | |
| or | apparently one and a half row deep |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells thickness | |
| 1 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • lobes width | |
| 1 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • structure {in plan view} | |
| of palmetti type | |
| • septal pores configuration | |
| dolipore-like structures | |
| • anastomoses type | |
| closed by a simple septum, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking (contact-septum) | |
| • anastomoses surface habit | |
| rough or with crystals | |
| • anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls} | |
| as thick as | |
| • anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae} | |
| as thick as | |
| • shape | |
| not striking | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| epimembranaceously yellowish | |
| • drops of exuded pigment presence | |
| present | |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • kind | |
| acute | |
| or | Y-shaped |
| • distance {from septum} | |
| one or two hyphal diam. below the septum | |
| • side-branches at septum number | |
| one side-branch at septum | |
| • clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape | |
| even | |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter | |
| 1.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length | |
| 0 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 100 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit | |
| rough of warts | |
| or | with crystals |
| or | without lens-shaped appositions |
| or | without spindle-shaped appositions |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface structures shape | |
| hemispherical warts | |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness | |
| 0.2 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • presence shape | |
| acicular | |
| • orientation | |
| transversely | |
| • length | |
| 0 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Maximum value |
| • type | |
| undifferentiated; hyphae rather loosely woven and of uniform diameter (type A) |
|
| • internal nodia presence | |
| absent | |
| • gelatinous matrix presence | |
| absent | |
| • a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence | |
| absent | |
| • {of foreign origin} presence | |
| absent | |
| • number {per cell} | |
| 2 | Mean (= average) |
| • shape | |
| round | |
| • diameter | |
| 1.5 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • length | |
| 1.5 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • distance {between each other} | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 18 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence | |
| absent | |
| • whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence | |
| absent | |
| • mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence | |
| present | |
| • substrate | |
| in organic layer | |
| or | below mosses |
| • {occurence in} humus type | |
| raw humus | |
| • soil pH | |
| acid reaction | |
| • geographic occurrence continent | |
| Europe | |
| • knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence | |
| unknown | |
| • plant family | |
| Fagaceae | |
| • plant genus | |
| Fagus | |
| • plant habitat kind | |
| forests, woods | |
| • family | |
| Atheliaceae ("Corticiaceae") | |
| • fruitbodies growth habit | |
| epigeous | |
| or | corticioid |
| • public notes | |
| Autofluorescence of mantle in section with UV-filter slightly creme-white; mantle in KOH with quickly dissolving pigment, in ethanol pigment dissolving, in water pigment slowly dissolving. | |