Pseudotomentella humicola M. J. Larsen + Picea

– Item listing –

Literature

• references
  Di Marino E, Köljalg U, Agerer R (2007) The ectomycorrhizae of Pseudotomentella humicola on Picea abies. Nova Hewigia 84(3): 429-440. - Di Marino E, Agerer R (2008) Pseudotomentella humicola. In Agerer R (ed) Colour Atlas of Ectomycorrhizae, plt. 205. Einhorn, Schwäbisch Gmünd

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• length
7 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pyramidal
• abundance
  abundant, dense
• main axis diameter
0.4 mm    Mean (= average)
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
• rhizomorphs presence
  present
• rhizomorphs frequency
  infrequent
• exploration type
  medium distance smooth
Morphology of the unramified ends
• mantle hydrophobicity presence
  absent
• shape
  straight
or    bent
• shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter
0.3 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
  black
or    dark brown
or    brown
• very tip colour
  ochre, yellowish brown
or    yellowish
• older parts colour
  black
• mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
• mantle transparency
  not transparent
• mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
• mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
• mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
  not smooth
• mantle surface {in detail} kind
  loosely grainy or warty
• emanating hyphae presence
  absent
Morphology of rhizomorphs
• diameter
0.02 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.06 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cross-section shape
  round or roundish
• colour
  concolourous to mantle
or    dark brown
or    brown
• ramification kind-frequency
  frequently, at restricted points
• connection to mantle kind
  distinct
• origin location
  not specific
• connection to substrate
  growing into the soil or organic layers
• margin habit
  smooth
• dimorphism presence
  absent
Morphology of sclerotia
• presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
• emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
• crystals presence
  absent
• blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
• anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
• completeness
  complete
• matrix presence
  present
• matrix location
  outer mantle layer {apart from tip}
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• mantle type
  ring-like arrangement of hyphal bundles (type A)
• hyphal net cells shape
  aculeate, acuminated horn-shaped
and    triangular with obtuse ends
and    with ring- or star-like structures
• hyphal net cells diameter
1.5 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Maximum value
• hyphal net cell walls habit
  distinct, rather thick
• hyphal net clamps presence
  absent
• clavate end cell cover presence
  absent
• matrix kind
  gelatinous
• hyphal system kind
  undifferentiated
• hyphae short protrusions presence
  absent
• hyphae hyphal junctions angle {between}
  ca. 45° and less
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell shape
  cylindric, not constricted at septa
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
and    membranaceously brownish
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
• cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Maximum value
• cell length
8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
33 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
• roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
• pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
• presence
  present
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, without pattern
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
or    membranaceously brownish
• cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous [densely]
• hyphae arrangement
  without pattern
• hyphae vessel-like presence
  absent
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
or    membranaceously brownish
• cell diameter
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5.5 µm    Maximum value
• cell length
5 µm    Minimum value
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
48 µm    Maximum value
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
25 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Maximum value
• mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
20 µm    Minimum value
25 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Maximum value
• mantle different layers presence
  discernable
• outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
• middle mantle layer presence
  absent
• inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• rows number
1     Mean (= average)
2     Maximum value
• shape
  tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented obliquely
• tangentially length
65 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
70 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• radially diameter
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Maximum value

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented obliquely
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
20 µm    Minimum value
50 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
65 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
80 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
13 µm    Minimum value
20 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
58 µm    Mean (= average)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
1.2     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.4     Mean (= average)
4.2     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• kind
  protruding towards endodermis
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape
  roundish
or    beaded
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around tannin cells number
  one
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
• structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type [sparsely lobed]
• lobes width
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Maximum value
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae






Anatomy of rhizomorphs
• type
  slightly differentiated; central hyphae somewhat enlarged
(type C)
• nodia presence
  present
• internal nodia presence
  absent
• gelatinous matrix presence
  absent
• gelatinized hyphae presence
  absent
• hyphae distinctly different diameter
  absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on central hyphae
• contents presence-kind
  absent
• ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on central hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on central hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on central hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on central hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of chlamydospores
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
• {of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

• reaction with KOH 10% presence
  present [greenish]
• reaction with lactic acid presence
  absent
• reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent

Ecology

• geographic occurrence continent
  Europe

Tree

• plant family
  Pinaceae
• plant genus
  Picea
• plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

• family
  Thelephoraceae ss. Stalpers. excl. Tylospora
• fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    corticioid

– Item listing –