|
|
– Enlarged view – |
| • references | |
| Agerer R, OTTO P (1997) Bankera fuligineo-alb (J. C. Schmidt: Fr.) Pouzar + Pinus sylvestris L. Descr Ectomyc 2: 1-6. Agerer R, Otto P (1998) Bankera fuligineo-alba. In Agerer R (ed) Colour Atlas of Ectomycorrhizae, plate 115, Einhorn-Verlag, Schwäbisch Gmünd. Danielson RM (1984) Ectomycorrhizal associations in jack pine stands in northern Alberta. Can J Bot 62(5): 932-339. |
|
| • length | |
| 0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • ramification presence-type | |
| dichotomous | |
| • ramification orders | |
| 0 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • main axis diameter | |
| 0.27 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.45 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs presence | |
| present | |
| • rhizomorphs frequency | |
| infrequent | |
| • exploration type | |
| medium distance mat | |
| • shape | |
| bent | |
| or | sinuous |
| • shape {of distal end} | |
| not inflated, cylindric | |
| • length | |
| 0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 7 mm | Maximum value |
| • diameter | |
| 0.27 mm | Minimum value |
| 0.3 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.36 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 0.45 mm | Maximum value |
| • colour | |
| black | |
| or | brown |
| • very tip colour | |
| bluish | |
| or | greyish |
| or | white |
| • older parts colour | |
| black | |
| or | brown |
| • mantle cortical cells visibility | |
| not visible | |
| • mantle {distinct} surface visibility | |
| present | |
| • mantle transparency | |
| not transparent | |
| • mantle laticifers visibility | |
| absent | |
| • mantle dots presence-colour | |
| absent | |
| • mantle carbonizing presence | |
| present | |
| • mantle surface {in general} habit | |
| shiny | |
| or | smooth |
| or | not smooth |
| or | glistening |
| • mantle surface {in detail} kind | |
| densely woolly | |
| • emanating hyphae presence | |
| present | |
| • emanating hyphae abundance | |
| infrequent | |
| • diameter | |
| 0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.2 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cross-section shape | |
| round or roundish | |
| or | flat |
| • colour | |
| brown | |
| or | white |
| • ramification kind-frequency | |
| repeatedly into smaller filaments | |
| • connection to mantle kind | |
| oblique | |
| • origin location | |
| proximal | |
| • margin habit | |
| hairy | |
| or | fan-like |
| • dimorphism presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • emanating elements presence-type | |
| rhizomorphs | |
| • blue granules presence | |
| present | |
| • blue granules location | |
| middle mantle layer | |
| or | inner mantle layer |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • matrix presence | |
| present | |
| • matrix location | |
| outer mantle layer {apart from tip} | |
| or | middle mantle layer |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • mantle type | |
| ring-like arrangement of hyphal bundles (type A) | |
| • matrix kind | |
| not gelatinous | |
| • septa thickness {relative to cell walls} | |
| thinner than walls | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell shape | |
| cylindric, not constricted at septa | |
| and | irregularly inflated or even beaded |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| membranaceously brownish | |
| • cell contents presence-kind | |
| absent | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 2.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 4.5 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell length | |
| 5 µm | Minimum value |
| 10 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 80 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell wall thickness | |
| 0.2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| and | with few soil particles |
| • drops of exuded pigment presence | |
| absent | |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • matrix kind | |
| not gelatinous | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| plectenchymatous, star-like | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| membranaceously brownish | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 2.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 4 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell contents presence-kind | |
| homogeneous brownish {in some cells} | |
| • cell wall thickness | |
| 0.2 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| star-like | |
| or | with broad streaks of parallel hyphae |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| membranaceously brownish | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell contents presence-kind | |
| with homogeneous brownish contents in some cells | |
| • cell blue granules location | |
| within cells | |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation | |
| like other parts of mantle | |
| or | plectenchymatous |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} hyphae diameter | |
| 2.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 4 µm | Maximum value |
| • mantle thickness {apart from tip} | |
| 5 µm | Minimum value |
| 10 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 15 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 20 µm | Maximum value |
| • mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip} | |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • mantle different layers presence | |
| not discernable | |
| • outer mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • middle mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • inner mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • unlayered mantle hyphae tangentially length | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 30 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter | |
| 1.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • rows number | |
| 1 | Mean (= average) |
| • shape | |
| tangentially-oval, -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis | |
| • tangentially length | |
| 10 µm | Minimum value |
| 15 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 45 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 50 µm | Maximum value |
| • radially diameter | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • mean tangenial length TCt | |
| 28.9 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • mean shape-ratio TCq | |
| 8.8 | Mean (= average) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| round | |
| or | radially-oval to -elliptic |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length | |
| 15 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 40 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 45 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter | |
| 20 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 50 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 75 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt) | |
| 26.3 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq) | |
| 0.9 | Mean (= average) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape | |
| roundish | |
| or | cylindrical |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around tannin cells number | |
| one | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| roundish | |
| or | cylindrical |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness | |
| 0.5 µm | Minimum value |
| 1 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number | |
| one | |
| • structure {in plan view} | |
| of palmetti type | |
| • lobes width | |
| 1 µm | Minimum value |
| 2 µm | Mean (= average) |
| 3 µm | Maximum value |
| • mantle different layers presence | |
| not discernible | |
| • outer mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • middle mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • inner mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • unlayered mantle hyphae tangentially length | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 30 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • rows number | |
| 1 | Mean (= average) |
| • shape | |
| tangentially-oval to tangentially-elliptic | |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| tangentially-oval to tangentially-elliptic | |
| • intrahyphal hyphae presence | |
| absent | |
| • backwards-oriented ramifications presence | |
| present | |
| • backwards-oriented clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • anastomoses type | |
| open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking | |
| • anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae} | |
| as thick as | |
| • anastomoses location | |
| not specified | |
| • shape | |
| not striking | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| absent | |
| or | membranaceously brownish |
| • drops of exuded pigment presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • kind | |
| acute | |
| • distance {from septum} | |
| adjacent to septum | |
| • side-branches at septum number | |
| one side-branch at septum | |
| • clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • clamps hole presence | |
| absent | |
| • clamps blister-like structure {at basis} presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape | |
| even | |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end} | |
| simple | |
| or | ramified |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length | |
| 50 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 135 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| or | without lens-shaped appositions |
| or | without spindle-shaped appositions |
| or | with soil particles |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness at tip {relative to remaining cell wall} | |
| thinner | |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall {apart from tip} evenness | |
| even in thickness | |
| • type | |
| undifferentiated; hyphae rather loosely woven and of uniform diameter (type A) |
|
| or | undifferentiated; margins rather smooth; hyphae compactly arranged and of uniform diameter (type B) |
| • nodia presence | |
| absent | |
| • internal nodia presence | |
| absent | |
| • gelatinous matrix presence | |
| absent | |
| or | present |
| • gelatinized hyphae presence | |
| absent | |
| • cup-like structures on surface presence | |
| absent | |
| • conical young side-branches presence | |
| absent | |
| • a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • contents presence-kind | |
| with aggregated, crystal-like, in IC strongly light reflecting contents | |
| • ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
| present | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind | |
| with aggregated, crystal-like, in IC strongly light reflecting contents | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
| present | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind | |
| with aggregated, crystal-like, in IC strongly light reflecting contents | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
| present | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind | |
| with aggregated, crystal-like, in IC strongly light reflecting contents | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
| present | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind | |
| with aggregated, crystal-like, in IC strongly light reflecting contents | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
| present | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| or | present |
| • type | |
| special features lacking | |
| • diameter | |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 6 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • length | |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 6 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence | |
| absent | |
| • number {per cell} | |
| 2 | Mean (= average) |
| • shape | |
| round | |
| • diameter | |
| 1 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 1.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • length | |
| 1 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 1.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • distance {between each other} | |
| 1 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • geographic occurrence continent | |
| Europe | |
| or | North America |
| • knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence | |
| unknown | |
| • plant family | |
| Pinaceae | |
| • plant genus | |
| Pinus | |
| • plant subgenus-section | |
| two-needle-pines | |
| • plant habitat kind | |
| forests, woods | |
| • family | |
| Bankeraceae ss. Stalpers | |
| • fruitbodies growth habit | |
| epigeous | |
| or | pileate-hydnoid |
| • public notes | |
| Mycorrhizal ends blackish, frequently with a brown cover, very tips greyish white and with a bluish tint, older parts black with a brownish cover; rhizomorphs brownish white and frequently with a rusty tint; outer mantle layers in plan view rather star-like than ring-like, clamps at most very infrequent; middle and inner mantle layers in plan view with blue granules at least after storage in lactic acid; emanating hyphae at the tip with 2.5-3.5 um diam.; rhizomorphs with gelatinous matrix only at distal ends, ampullate hyphae very infrequent, hyphae at least after storage in lactic acid with aggregated, crystal-like, in IC strongly light reflecting contents; in longitudinal section mantle with alternating portions of mainly cross-cut and of mostly longitudinally running hyphae, Hartig net (1-)2-3 cortical cell layers deep; mantle in KOH red-brown and rhizomorphs slightly reddish-brown and whole mycorrhizae ochre-brown, in brillant-cresyl-blue blue, whole mycorrhizae blue. | |