Cortinarius hinnuleus Fr. + Betula

– Item listing –

Literature

references
  Kovács GM, Jakucs E, Diéz J, Manjón JL, Esteve-Raventós F (2002) Cortinarius hinnuleus Fr. + Betula celtiberica Rothm. & Vasc. Descr Ectomyc 6: 7-11.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
length
1 mm    Minimum value
2 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
6 mm    Maximum value
ramification presence-type
  absent
or    monopodial-pinnate [infrequently]
tips {per 10 mm} number
  unknown
ramification orders
  unknown
abundance
  unknown
main axis diameter
  unknown
taste {after 2-3 min chewing}
  unknown
rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
rhizomorphs presence
  present
rhizomorphs frequency
  abundant
exploration type
  medium distance fringe
Morphology of the unramified ends
mantle hydrophobicity presence
  present
shape
  bent [rarely straight]
shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
length
1 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
diameter
0.3 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
colour
  white
very tip colour
  white
after injury colour
  unchanged
older parts colour
  brown [due to root colour]
mantle cortical cells visibility
  unknown
mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
mantle transparency
  unknown
mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
mantle surface {in general} habit
  not smooth
mantle surface {in detail} kind
  densely cottony
emanating hyphae presence
  present
emanating hyphae abundance
  abundant
emanating hyphae distribution
  lacking only at the tip
Morphology of rhizomorphs
diameter
0.5 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.7 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cross-section shape
  round or roundish
colour
  white
after injury colour
  unchanged
ramification kind-frequency
  repeatedly into smaller filaments
connection to mantle kind
  fan-like
origin location
  unknown
connection to substrate
  growing into the soil or organic layers
margin habit
  hairy
dimorphism presence
  unknown
Morphology of sclerotia
presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
or    emanating hyphae
emanating elements cystidia location
  generally present
or    on outer mantle layer
or    on rhizomorphs
crystals presence
  absent
blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
presence
  absent
anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
completeness
  complete
matrix presence
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
organisation
  plectenchymatous
mantle type
  ring-like arrangement of hyphal bundles (type A)
and    hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B) [at some places]
hyphae short protrusions presence
  absent
hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence
  unknown
hyphae hyphal junctions angle {between}
  ca. 45° and less
and    ca. 120°
septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  as thick as walls
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell shape
  cylindric, not constricted at septa
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell length
  unknown
cell wall thickness
0.2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
presence
  absent
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous
hyphae arrangement
  without pattern
septa thickness
  unknown
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
cell diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell length
  unknown
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  like other parts of mantle
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
mantle thickness {apart from tip}
20 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
40 µm    Maximum value
mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
calyptra cell remnants presence
  present
calyptra cell remnants type
  unknown
mantle different layers presence
  not discernable [indistinct]
unlayered mantle organization
  plectenchymatous
unlayered mantle hyphae tangentially length
  unknown
unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter
  unknown

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  radially-oval to -elliptic, oriented obliquely
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
22 µm    Minimum value
30 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
40 µm    Maximum value
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
80 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
84 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
95 µm    Maximum value
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
30.5 µm    Mean (= average)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
0.37     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
presence
  present
kind
  paraepidermal
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  unknown
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
lobes width
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
lobes septa presence
  unknown
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
intrahyphal hyphae presence
  absent
intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence
  absent
septal pores configuration
  dolipore-like structures
or    globular thickenings
backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  unknown
backwards-oriented clamps presence
  present
anastomoses type
  closed by a clamp, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking (contact-clamp)
anastomoses surface habit
  smooth
anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls}
  unknown
anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae}
  unknown
anastomoses location
  unknown
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
shape
  straight
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
presence
  present
kind
  approximately 90°
or    Y-shaped
distance {from septum}
  one or two hyphal diam. below the septum
side-branches at septum number
  one side-branch at septum
or    two true (at one height) side-branches at septum
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae point of ramification thickness {relative to main part of branch}
  unknown

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
clamps presence
  present
clamps surface kind
  smooth
clamps outline {in dorsal view}
  oval
clamps width {relative to hypha in dorsal view}
  as broad as
clamps outline {in lateral view}
  as a semicircle
or    less than a semicircle
clamps width {relative to hypha in lateral view}
  as broad as
clamps hole presence
  absent
clamps blister-like structure {at basis} presence
  absent

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae
presence
  present
abundance
  infrequent
distribution
  unknown

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
  even
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
  simple
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  smooth
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall layers number
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness at tip {relative to remaining cell wall}
  as thick as
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall {apart from tip} evenness
  unknown


Anatomy of rhizomorphs
type
  undifferentiated; hyphae rather loosely woven and of uniform diameter
(type A)
nodia presence
  absent
internal nodia presence
  absent
gelatinous matrix presence
  absent
gelatinized hyphae presence
  absent
hyphae distinctly different diameter
  absent
cup-like structures on surface presence
  absent
conical young side-branches presence
  absent
a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence
  absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  present, not specified
contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  present, not specified
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  present, not specified
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  present, not specified
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  present, not specified
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of chlamydospores
presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
{of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
{of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

reaction with anilin presence
  absent
reaction with FeSO4 presence
  absent
reaction with guaiac presence
  absent
reaction with KOH 10% presence
  absent
reaction with lactic acid presence
  absent
reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  absent

Ecology

substrate
  in organic layer
geographic occurrence continent
  Europe
knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

plant family
  Betulaceae
plant genus
  Betula
plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

family
  Cortinariaceae
subgenus-section
  Cortinarius subg. Telamonia
fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    pileate-lamellate

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