|
|
|
|
– Enlarged view – |
| • references | |
| Agerer R (1986) Studies on ectomycorrhizae III. Mycorrhizae formed by four fungi in the generea Lactarius and Russula on spruce. Mycotaxon 27: 1-59. Agerer R (1987) Russula ochroleuca. In Agerer R (ed) Colour Atlas of Ectomycorrhizae, plate 1, Einhorn-Verlag, Schwäbisch Gmünd. Berg B (1989) Charakterisierung und Vergleich von Ektomykorrhizen gekalkter Fichtenbestände. Diss Univ München. Gronbach E (1988) Charakterisierung und Identifizierung von Ektomykorrhizen in einem Fichtenbestand mit Untersuchungen zur Merkmalsvariabilität in sauer beregneten Flächen. Bibliotheca Mycologica 125: 1-216. Haug I, Pritsch K (1992) Ectomycorrhizal types of spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) in the Black Forest, a microscopical atlas. Kernforschungszentum, Karlsruhe. Pillukat A (1991) Vergleichende Untersuchung der Ektomykorrhizen von Russula ochroleuca und Paxillus involutus an verschiedenen Baumarten. Dipl Thesis, Univ München. Pillukat A, Agerer R (1992) Studien an Ektomykorrhizen XL. Vergleichende Untersuchungen zur baumbezogenen Variabilität der Ektomykorrhizen von Russula ochroleuca. Z Mykol 58(2): 211-242. |
|
| • length | |
| 2 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 24 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • ramification presence-type | |
| monopodial-pinnate | |
| or | monopodial-pyramidal |
| • ramification orders | |
| 0 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • abundance | |
| solitary or in small numbers | |
| • main axis diameter | |
| 0.4 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 1 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 1.5 mm | Maximum value |
| • rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs presence | |
| absent | |
| or | present |
| • rhizomorphs frequency | |
| infrequent | |
| • exploration type | |
| contact | |
| • shape | |
| straight | |
| or | bent |
| • shape {of distal end} | |
| not inflated, cylindric | |
| or | tapering |
| • length | |
| 0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5.5 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • diameter | |
| 0.3 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.6 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • colour | |
| brown | |
| or | yellow |
| or | green |
| • very tip colour | |
| yellowish | |
| or | whitish |
| • older parts colour | |
| brown | |
| • mantle cortical cells visibility | |
| not visible | |
| • mantle {distinct} surface visibility | |
| present | |
| • mantle transparency | |
| not transparent | |
| • mantle laticifers visibility | |
| absent | |
| • mantle dots presence-colour | |
| yellowish or greenish | |
| • mantle carbonizing presence | |
| present | |
| • mantle surface {in general} habit | |
| smooth | |
| • mantle surface {in detail} kind | |
| densely grainy or warty | |
| or | loosely grainy or warty |
| • emanating hyphae presence | |
| present | |
| • emanating hyphae abundance | |
| infrequent | |
| • cross-section shape | |
| round or roundish | |
| • colour | |
| yellow | |
| • ramification kind-frequency | |
| frequently, at restricted points | |
| • margin habit | |
| smooth | |
| • dimorphism presence | |
| present | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • emanating elements presence-type | |
| rhizomorphs | |
| • blue granules presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • matrix presence | |
| present | |
| • matrix location | |
| outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} | |
| or | middle mantle layer |
| • organisation | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape | |
| angular | |
| • mantle type | |
| angular cells and mounds of flattened cells (type O) | |
| • mound cells diameter | |
| 3 µm | Minimum value |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 12 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 15 µm | Maximum value |
| • mound cells granular contents | |
| present | |
| • pores between cells presence | |
| absent | |
| and | present |
| • pores between cells abundance | |
| infrequent | |
| • septa thickness {relative to cell walls} | |
| as thick as walls | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| absent | |
| and | membranaceously yellowish |
| and | plasmatically yellowish |
| • cell diameter | |
| 2.5 µm | Minimum value |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 17 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 26 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell length | |
| 4 µm | Minimum value |
| 6 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 35 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell density | |
| 4 | Minimum value |
| 6 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 9 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 11 | Maximum value |
| • cell wall thickness | |
| 0.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 1 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 2.5 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell wall with globular thickenings | |
| absent | |
| • cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| and | rough |
| and | with few crystals |
| • cell wall projections presence | |
| absent | |
| • drops of exuded pigment presence | |
| present | |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| or | pseudoparenchymatous |
| • matrix kind | |
| not gelatinous | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| plectenchymatous, without pattern | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| colourless | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 2.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 18 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell length | |
| 6 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 35 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell contents presence-kind | |
| absent | |
| • cell wall thickness | |
| 0.2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| without pattern | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| absent | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 1.5 µm | Minimum value |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 5.5 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell length | |
| 7 µm | Minimum value |
| 15 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 40 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 49 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell contents presence-kind | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} matrix kind | |
| not gelatinous | |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} hyphae diameter | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 9 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} cell density | |
| 15 | Minimum value |
| 18 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 23 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 29 | Maximum value |
| • mantle thickness {apart from tip} | |
| 20 µm | Minimum value |
| 30 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 45 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 54 µm | Maximum value |
| • mantle different layers presence | |
| discernable | |
| • outer mantle layer organisation | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
| 2.5 µm | Minimum value |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 24 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 35 µm | Maximum value |
| • outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
| 1.5 µm | Minimum value |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 14 µm | Maximum value |
| • middle mantle layer organisation | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
| 3 µm | Minimum value |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 23 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 35 µm | Maximum value |
| • middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 14 µm | Maximum value |
| • inner mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
| 1 µm | Minimum value |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 7 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 25 µm | Maximum value |
| • inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
| 1 µm | Minimum value |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • rows number | |
| 1 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • shape | |
| tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented obliquely | |
| or | tangentially-oval, -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis |
| • tangentially length | |
| 22 µm | Minimum value |
| 30 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 100 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 125 µm | Maximum value |
| • radially diameter | |
| 5 µm | Minimum value |
| 8 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 30 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 40 µm | Maximum value |
| • mean tangenial length TCt | |
| 49 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 74.8 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • mean shape-ratio TCq | |
| 3.5 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5.5 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented obliquely | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length | |
| 22 µm | Minimum value |
| 40 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 100 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 140 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter | |
| 9 µm | Minimum value |
| 13 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 34 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 50 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt) | |
| 54 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 89.2 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq) | |
| 2.6 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3.7 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • kind | |
| protruding towards endodermis | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape | |
| roundish | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 12 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around tannin cells number | |
| one | |
| or | two |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| roundish | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number | |
| one | |
| • structure {in plan view} | |
| of palmetti type | |
| • mantle different layers presence | |
| discernible | |
| • outer mantle layer organisation | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 20 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 27 µm | Maximum value |
| • outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
| 1.5 µm | Minimum value |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 8 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 11 µm | Maximum value |
| • middle mantle layer organisation | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 20 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 30 µm | Maximum value |
| • middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
| 2 µm | Minimum value |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 11 µm | Maximum value |
| • inner mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
| 1 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 23 µm | Maximum value |
| • inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
| 1 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 5.5 µm | Maximum value |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • rows number | |
| 1 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • shape | |
| tangentially-oval to tangentially-elliptic | |
| • tangentially length | |
| 13 µm | Minimum value |
| 20 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 55 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 70 µm | Maximum value |
| • radially diameter | |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 22 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 25 µm | Maximum value |
| • mean tangential length TCt | |
| 29.2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 31.8 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • mean shape-ratio TCq | |
| 1.1 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2.3 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| rectangular | |
| or | round |
| or | radially-oval to -elliptic |
| or | tangentially-oval to tangentially-elliptic |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length | |
| 9 µm | Minimum value |
| 16 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 36 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 60 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter | |
| 13 µm | Minimum value |
| 15 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 35 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 50 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt | |
| 21.6 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 27 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq | |
| 0.9 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 1.3 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • kind | |
| protruding towards endodermis | |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape | |
| roundish | |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around tannin cells number | |
| one | |
| or | two |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| roundish | |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells thickness | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 6 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number | |
| one | |
| • structure {in plan view} | |
| of palmetti type | |
| • intrahyphal hyphae presence | |
| absent | |
| • septal pores configuration | |
| globular thickenings | |
| • anastomoses type | |
| open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking | |
| • anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls} | |
| thinner than | |
| • anastomoses location | |
| not specified | |
| • shape | |
| not striking | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| absent | |
| or | membranaceously yellowish |
| or | plasmatically yellowish |
| • drops of exuded pigment presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • kind | |
| acute | |
| • distance {from septum} | |
| adjacent to septum | |
| • clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape | |
| even | |
| or | with ellbow-like protrusions |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end} | |
| simple | |
| or | ramified |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter | |
| 1 µm | Minimum value |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 4 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length | |
| 8 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 70 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| or | rough of warts |
| or | without lens-shaped appositions |
| or | without spindle-shaped appositions |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness | |
| 0.2 µm | Minimum value |
| 0.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 1 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 1.5 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness at tip {relative to remaining cell wall} | |
| thinner | |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall {apart from tip} evenness | |
| even in thickness | |
| • type | |
| undifferentiated; hyphae rather loosely woven and of uniform diameter (type A) |
|
| or | differentiated; some hyphae very thick, which appear randomly distributed, pores of septa somtimes enlarged (type D) |
| • nodia presence | |
| absent | |
| • internal nodia presence | |
| absent | |
| • gelatinized hyphae presence | |
| absent | |
| • cup-like structures on surface presence | |
| absent | |
| • conical young side-branches presence | |
| absent | |
| • a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence | |
| absent | |
| • ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence | |
| absent | |
| • {in foreign ectomycorrhizae} presence | |
| absent | |
| • {of foreign origin} presence | |
| absent | |
| or | present |
| • {of foreign origin} frequency | |
| occasionally present | |
| • shape | |
| globular | |
| • number {per cell} | |
| 2 | Mean (= average) |
| • shape | |
| round | |
| or | oval |
| • diameter | |
| 1.5 µm | Minimum value |
| 2 µm | Mean (= average) |
| 3 µm | Maximum value |
| • length | |
| 1.5 µm | Minimum value |
| 2 µm | Mean (= average) |
| 3 µm | Maximum value |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • septal pores type | |
| as dolipores with perforated parenthesome | |
| • mantle matrix presence-kind | |
| absent | |
| • geographic occurrence continent | |
| Europe | |
| • plant family | |
| Pinaceae | |
| • plant genus | |
| Picea | |
| • plant habitat kind | |
| forests, woods | |
| • family | |
| Russulaceae | |
| • subgenus-section | |
| Russula sect. Ingratae | |
| • subsection | |
| Russula sect. Ingratae subsect. Felleinae | |
| • fruitbodies growth habit | |
| epigeous | |
| or | pileate-lamellate |
| • public notes | |
| Mycorrhizal systems irregularly monopodial-pyramidal to infrequently monopodial-pinnate; mycorrhizal ends sometimes slightly bent, dark yellow or yellow to yellowish-olive to olive-brown, older parts olive brown to brown to grey-brown or greyish-olive to grey-brown; middle mantle layers in plan view of a transitional type between pseudoparenchymatous and plectenchymatous; autofluorescenc of mantle in section with UV-filter in outer parts slightly greenish-yellow to yellowish-ochre, inner parts bueish-white, with blue-filter in outer parts yellow, inner parts bluish white, with green-filter slightly red throughout; mantle in KOH with red- to yellow-brown cell heaps, in brillant-cresyl-blue bright blue, after treatment with water blue, in toluidin-blue violet-blue, in cotton-blue cell walls slightly blue, in phenole dirty yellowish-green; nuclei lying close together. | |