Pinirhiza sulphurea + Pinus

– Item listing –

Literature

• references
  Wöllecke J, Münzenberger B, Hüttl RF (1998) "Pinirhiza sulphurea" + Pinus sylvestris L. Descr Ectomyc 79-84.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate [irregularly]
or    dichotomous
• tips {per 10 mm} number
  unknown
• ramification orders
  unknown
• abundance
  abundant, dense
• main axis diameter
0.2 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• taste {after 2-3 min chewing}
  unknown
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
• rhizomorphs presence
  present
• rhizomorphs frequency
  abundant
• exploration type
  medium distance fringe
Morphology of the unramified ends
• mantle hydrophobicity presence
  present
• shape
  bent
or    tortuous
• shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter
0.3 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.35 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Maximum value
• colour
  yellow
• very tip colour
  unknown
• older parts colour
  brownish
• mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  absent
• mantle transparency
  not transparent
• mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
• mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
• mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
  silvery
or    not smooth
• mantle surface {in detail} kind
  densely cottony
• emanating hyphae presence
  present
• emanating hyphae abundance
  abundant
• emanating hyphae distribution
  unknown
Morphology of rhizomorphs
• diameter
0.006 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.08 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cross-section shape
  round or roundish
or    flat [close to the mantle]
• colour
  concolourous to mantle
or    yellow
• ramification kind-frequency
  repeatedly into smaller filaments
• connection to mantle kind
  oblique
• origin location
  not specific
• margin habit
  hairy
• dimorphism presence
  unknown
Morphology of sclerotia
• presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
• emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
or    emanating hyphae
• emanating elements cystidia location
  generally present
or    on outer mantle layer
or    on rhizomorphs
• crystals presence
  present
• crystals location
  peripheral hyphae of rhizomorphs
or    emanating hyphae
• blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
• anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
• completeness
  complete
• matrix presence
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• mantle type
  hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B)
• hyphal system kind
  undifferentiated
• hyphae short protrusions presence
  absent
• hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence
  absent
• hyphae hyphal junctions angle {between}
  ca. 90° [rarely]
and    ca. 120°
• septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  unknown
• septa clamps presence
  present
• septa clamps abundance
  infrequent
• cell shape
  cylindric, not constricted at septa
and    cylindric, constricted at septa
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
and    plasmatically yellowish
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
• cell diameter
1.5 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Maximum value
• cell length
7 µm    Minimum value
35 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
46 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm    Mean (= average)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• crystals diameter
  not applicable
• crystals length
  not applicable
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
• pigment granula on surface presence
  present [yellow crystals]
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous [densely]
• matrix kind
  not gelatinous [olive to brownish]
• hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, without pattern
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously brownish
• cell diameter
2.5 µm    Minimum value
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Mean (= average)
5.5 µm    Maximum value
• cell length
8 µm    Minimum value
17 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
28 µm    Maximum value
• cell contents presence-kind
  unknown
• cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm    Mean (= average)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• crystals diameter
  not applicable
• crystals length
  not applicable
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous [densely]
or    plectenchymatous with pseudoparenchymatous nests of cells
• matrix kind
  not gelatinous
• hyphae arrangement
  with nests of pseudoparenchymatous cells
• cell shape
  not applicable
• septa thickness
  unknown
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
or    plasmatically yellowish
• cell diameter
2 µm    Minimum value
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Maximum value
• cell length
5 µm    Minimum value
12 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
18 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
21 µm    Maximum value
• cell density
  not applicable
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  like other parts of mantle
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
10 µm    Minimum value
25 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• calyptra cell remnants presence
  unknown
• calyptra cell remnants type
  unknown
• mantle different layers presence
  not discernable
• unlayered mantle organization
  plectenchymatous
• unlayered mantle hyphae tangentially length
  unknown
• unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter
  unknown

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• rows number
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• shape
  tangentially-oval, -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis [long flattened]
• tangentially length
  unknown
• radially diameter
  unknown
• mean tangenial length TCt
  unknown
• mean shape-ratio TCq
  unknown

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  round [to oval]
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
35 µm    Minimum value
55 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
60 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
25 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
52.5 µm    Mean (= average)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
1.9     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• kind
  in two rows, not reaching endodermis [mostly only around the outermost layer]
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape
  unknown
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness
  unknown
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around tannin cells number
  unknown
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  unknown
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
  unknown
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  unknown
• structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
• lobes width
1 µm    Minimum value
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Maximum value
• lobes septa presence
  unknown
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section
• calyptra cell remnants presence
  unknown
• calyptra cell remnants kind
  unknown
• mantle different layers presence
  not discernible
• unlayered mantle organization
  plectenchymatous

Anatomy of the tannin cells in cross-section
• presence
  present
• rows number
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• shape
  unknown
• tangentially length
20 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• radially diameter
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mean tangential length TCt
28.6 µm    Mean (= average)
• mean shape-ratio TCq
2.4     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the cortical cells in cross-section
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  round
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
30 µm    Minimum value
40 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
60 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
70 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
40 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt
49.3 µm    Mean (= average)
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq
1.1     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
• intrahyphal hyphae presence
  unknown
• intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence
  unknown
• septal pores configuration
  unknown
• backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  unknown
• backwards-oriented clamps presence
  unknown
• anastomoses type
  unknown
• anastomoses surface habit
  unknown
• anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls}
  unknown
• anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae}
  unknown
• anastomoses location
  unknown
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
• shape
  not striking
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
or    plasmatically yellowish
• pigment presence-distribution
  unknown
• cell contents presence-kind
  unknown
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
• presence
  present
• kind
  Y-shaped
• distance {from septum}
  unknown
• side-branches at septum number
  unknown
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae point of ramification thickness {relative to main part of branch}
  unknown

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
• clamps presence
  present
• clamps surface kind
  unknown
• clamps outline {in dorsal view}
  unknown
• clamps width {relative to hypha in dorsal view}
  unknown
• clamps outline {in lateral view}
  unknown
• clamps width {relative to hypha in lateral view}
  unknown
• clamps hole presence
  present [infrequently]
• clamps blister-like structure {at basis} presence
  unknown

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae
• presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
  unknown
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
  unknown
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
2 µm    Minimum value
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
40 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
60 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
140 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  with crystals
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm    Mean (= average)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall layers number
  uniform
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness at tip {relative to remaining cell wall}
  unknown
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall {apart from tip} evenness
  even in thickness

Anatomy of the crystals occouring in emanating hyphae
• presence shape
  cuboid
• diameter
0 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• length
0 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the warts occouring on emanating hyphae
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of rhizomorphs
• type
  undifferentiated; hyphae rather loosely woven and of uniform diameter
(type A)
or    slightly differentiated; central hyphae somewhat enlarged
(type C)
• nodia presence
  absent
• internal nodia presence
  absent
• gelatinous matrix presence
  unknown
• gelatinized hyphae presence
  absent
• hyphae distinctly different diameter
  absent
• cup-like structures on surface presence
  absent
• conical young side-branches presence
  absent
• a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence
  absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
• contents presence-kind
  yellow grains
• ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  yellow grains
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  yellow grains
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  yellow grains
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  yellow grains
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of chlamydospores
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
• {in foreign ectomycorrhizae} presence
  unknown
• {in foreign ectomycorrhizae} abundance
  unknown
• {in foreign ectomycorrhizae} formed in fungal genus
  unknown
• {of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Autofluorescence

• whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
  yellow, yellowish
• whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
  unknown
• mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence
  present [low yellowish]
• mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
  unknown
• mantle in section green-filter, 530-560 nm presence
  unknown

Chemical reactions

• reaction with acetic acid presence
  unknown
• reaction with acid fuchsin presence
  unknown
• reaction with AgNO3 presence
  unknown
• reaction with anilin presence
  unknown
• reaction with brillant-cresyl-blue presence
  unknown
• reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  absent
• reaction with ethanol 70% presence
  present [brownish; solution yellow (whole mycorrhiza)]
• reaction with FEA presence
  unknown
• reaction with FeSO4 presence
  absent
• reaction with formol 40% presence
  present [brownish; solution yellow (whole mycorrhiza)]
• reaction with guaiac presence
  absent
• reaction with HCl presence
  unknown
• reaction with KJ presence
  absent
• reaction with KOH 10% presence
  present [15%: rhizomorphs and parts of the emanating hyphae burgundy]
• reaction with lactic acid presence
  present [brownish; solution yellow (whole mycorrhiza)]
• reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
• reaction with methylene blue presence
  unknown
• reaction with phenole presence
  unknown
• reaction with phenole-aniline presence
  unknown
• reaction with ruthenium-red presence
  unknown
• reaction with sudan III presence
  unknown
• reaction with sudan IV presence
  unknown
• reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  unknown
• reaction with sulphuric acid presence
  unknown
• reaction with toluidin blue presence
  absent
• reaction with trypan blue presence
  unknown
• reaction with water presence
  unknown

Ecology

• substrate
  in organic layer
• geographic occurrence continent
  Europe

Tree

• plant family
  Pinaceae
• plant genus
  Pinus
• plant subgenus-section
  two-needle-pines

Fungus

• family
  Cortinariaceae

– Item listing –