Quercirhiza sublutea + Quercus

– Item listing –

Literature

references
  Montecchio L, Rossi S, Grendene A, Causin R, Mutto Accordi S (1998) "Quercirhiza sublutea" + Quercus ilex L. Descr Ectomyc 3: 93-98.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
length
8 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
18 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
60 mm    Maximum value
ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pyramidal
tips {per 10 mm} number
0     Minimum value
1     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
ramification orders
1     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
3     Maximum value
abundance
  abundant, dense
main axis diameter
0.3 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.8 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
1.8 mm    Maximum value
taste {after 2-3 min chewing}
  unknown
rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
rhizomorphs presence
  present
rhizomorphs frequency
  abundant
exploration type
  medium distance fringe
Morphology of the unramified ends
mantle hydrophobicity presence
  present
shape
  straight
or    bent
or    sinuous
shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
or    tapering
length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
12 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
diameter
0.2 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
colour
  ochre, yellowish brown
or    yellowish
very tip colour
  yellowish
or    whitish
older parts colour
  unknown
mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
mantle transparency
  not transparent
mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
mantle surface {in general} habit
  silvery
or    smooth
or    not smooth
mantle surface {in detail} kind
  loosely cottony
emanating hyphae presence
  present
emanating hyphae abundance
  abundant
emanating hyphae distribution
  not specifically distributed
Morphology of rhizomorphs
diameter
0.05 mm    Minimum value
0.2 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.35 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cross-section shape
  round or roundish
colour
  yellowish
or    whitish
or    white
ramification kind-frequency
  repeatedly into smaller filaments
connection to mantle kind
  oblique
origin location
  not specific
margin habit
  hairy
dimorphism presence
  unknown
Morphology of sclerotia
presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
or    emanating hyphae
emanating elements cystidia location
  generally present
or    on outer mantle layer
or    on rhizomorphs
crystals presence
  absent
blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
presence
  absent
anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
completeness
  complete
matrix presence
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
organisation
  plectenchymatous
mantle type
  hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B)
hyphal system kind
  undifferentiated
hyphae short protrusions presence
  absent
hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence
  unknown
hyphae hyphal junctions angle {between}
  ca. 45° and less
septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  as thick as walls
septa clamps presence
  present
septa clamps abundance
  infrequent
cell shape
  cylindric, constricted at septa
and    ampullate at both sides of septum
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
and    membranaceously yellowish [light]
and    membranaceously brownish [light]
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
cell diameter
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell length
7.5 µm    Minimum value
27 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
48 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
59 µm    Maximum value
cell wall thickness
0.3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
and    with many soil particles
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous
hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, with broad streaks of parallel hyphae
cell pigment location-colour
  colourless
or    membranaceously brownish
cell diameter
2.5 µm    Minimum value
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5.5 µm    Maximum value
cell length
14.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
48.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
77.5 µm    Maximum value
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
cell wall thickness
0.35 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous
hyphae arrangement
  with broad streaks of parallel hyphae [along root axis]
septa thickness
  unknown
septa clamps presence
  present
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
or    membranaceously brownish
cell diameter
3.2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell length
3 µm    Minimum value
9 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
23.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
49.5 µm    Maximum value
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  plectenchymatous
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} hyphae diameter
1.5 µm    Minimum value
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Maximum value
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
mantle thickness {apart from tip}
27.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
39 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
47 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
68 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
calyptra cell remnants presence
  unknown
calyptra cell remnants type
  unknown
mantle different layers presence
  discernable
outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
19 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
34.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1.5 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Maximum value
middle mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
8.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
27 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5.5 µm    Maximum value
inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
16 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  radially-oval to -elliptic, oriented obliquely
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
6 µm    Minimum value
7 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
12 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
14.5 µm    Maximum value
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
10.5 µm    Minimum value
16 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
22.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
9.7 µm    Mean (= average)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
0.56     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
presence
  present
kind
  paraepidermal
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  roundish
or    cylindrical
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
10.5 µm    Maximum value
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
lobes width
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Maximum value
lobes septa presence
  unknown
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section
calyptra cell remnants presence
  unknown
calyptra cell remnants kind
  unknown
mantle different layers presence
  discernible
outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
26 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
48.5 µm    Maximum value
outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1.5 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Maximum value
middle mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
3.5 µm    Minimum value
6 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
31 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
120 µm    Maximum value
middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5.5 µm    Maximum value
inner mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
3.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
6.5 µm    Maximum value
inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in cross-section
presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in cross-section
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  round
or    radially-oval to -elliptic
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
11 µm    Minimum value
13 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
17.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
  unknown
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt
14.5 µm    Mean (= average)
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq
0.87     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in cross-section
presence
  present
kind
  unknown
anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  roundish
or    cylindrical
anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells thickness
  unknown
anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  unknown
lobes width
0.8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5.4 µm    Maximum value
lobes septa presence
  unknown
structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
intrahyphal hyphae presence
  unknown
intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence
  unknown
septal pores configuration
  globular thickenings
backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  present
backwards-oriented clamps presence
  present
anastomoses type
  open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking
anastomoses surface habit
  unknown
anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls}
  thinner than
anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae}
  unknown
anastomoses location
  not specified
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
shape
  straight
or    wavy
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
presence
  present
kind
  acute
distance {from septum}
  adjacent to septum
or    in considerable distance from the septum
side-branches at septum number
  one side-branch at septum
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae point of ramification thickness {relative to main part of branch}
  unknown

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
clamps presence
  present
clamps surface kind
  unknown
clamps outline {in dorsal view}
  oval
clamps width {relative to hypha in dorsal view}
  as broad as
clamps outline {in lateral view}
  as a semicircle
or    less than a semicircle
or    not constricted at contact point to subtending hyphal cell
clamps width {relative to hypha in lateral view}
  thinner than
clamps hole presence
  unknown
clamps blister-like structure {at basis} presence
  absent

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae
presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
  slightly constricted
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
  simple
or    inflated
or    tortuous, screw-like
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
2.5 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Maximum value
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
13 µm    Minimum value
46 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
115 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
190 µm    Maximum value
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  rough of warts [very infrequent]
or    without lens-shaped appositions
or    without spindle-shaped appositions
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface structures shape
  hemispherical warts
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.55 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall layers number
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness at tip {relative to remaining cell wall}
  as thick as
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall {apart from tip} evenness
  unknown


Anatomy of the warts occouring on emanating hyphae
presence
  present [very infrequent]
length
0 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of rhizomorphs
type
  undifferentiated; hyphae rather loosely woven and of uniform diameter
(type A)
internal nodia presence
  absent
gelatinous matrix presence
  absent
gelatinized hyphae presence
  absent
cup-like structures on surface presence
  absent
conical young side-branches presence
  absent
a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence
  absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on peripheral hyphae
contents presence-kind
  filled with brownish or yellowish substances
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on peripheral hyphae
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  filled with brownish or yellowish substances
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on peripheral hyphae
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  filled with brownish or yellowish substances
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on peripheral hyphae
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  filled with brownish or yellowish substances
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on peripheral hyphae
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  filled with brownish or yellowish substances
Anatomy of chlamydospores
presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
{of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
{of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Autofluorescence

whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
  absent
whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
  absent
mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence
  present [light blue throughout]
mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
  present [ochre throughout]
mantle in section green-filter, 530-560 nm presence
  present [light dark red throughout]

Chemical reactions

reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  absent
reaction with FeSO4 presence
  absent
reaction with guaiac presence
  absent
reaction with KOH 10% presence
  absent [15%]
reaction with lactic acid presence
  absent
reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
reaction with sudan III presence
  absent
reaction with sudan IV presence
  absent
reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  present [dark rose]
reaction with toluidin blue presence
  present [violet]

Ecology

substrate
  in organic layer
soil pH
  pH more than 7
geographic occurrence continent
  Europe

Tree

plant family
  Fagaceae
plant genus
  Quercus
plant habitat kind
  gardens, parks

DNA-Analysis

PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bands number
4     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 1. band from below number
480     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 2. band from below number
210     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 3. band from below number
180     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 4. band from below number
170     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bands number
3     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 1. band from below number
370     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 2. band from below number
360     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 3. band from below number
310     Mean (= average)

– Item listing –