Quercirhiza incrustata + Quercus

– Item listing –

Literature

• references
  Montecchio L, Rossi S, Causin R (2001) "Quercirhiza incrustata" + Quercus ilex L. Descr Ectomyc 5: 73-78.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
56 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate
or    monopodial-pyramidal
• tips {per 10 mm} number
4     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
12     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification orders
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• abundance
  nest-like, hyphal mats
• main axis diameter
0.2 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.6 mm    Maximum value
• taste {after 2-3 min chewing}
  unknown
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
• rhizomorphs presence
  present
• rhizomorphs frequency
  infrequent
• exploration type
  medium distance smooth
Morphology of the unramified ends
• mantle hydrophobicity presence
  unknown
• shape
  bent [sometimes straight]
or    sinuous
or    tortuous [occasionally]
• shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
• length
0.2 mm    Minimum value
1 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter
0.2 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
  brownish [light brown]
or    yellowish [yellowish red]
or    red
• very tip colour
  yellow
or    orange
or    whitish
• after injury colour
  unknown
• older parts colour
  brown
or    yellowish [yellowish orange to brown]
or    orange
• mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
• mantle transparency
  not transparent
• mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
• mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
• mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
  smooth
or    covered with soil particles
• mantle surface {in detail} kind
  not applicable
• emanating hyphae presence
  absent
Morphology of rhizomorphs
• diameter
0.045 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.05 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
• cross-section shape
  unknown
• colour
  yellowish
or    reddish
• after injury colour
  unknown
• ramification kind-frequency
  infrequently, at restricted points
• connection to mantle kind
  distinct
• origin location
  not specific
• connection to substrate
  growing into the soil or organic layers
• margin habit
  smooth
• dimorphism presence
  unknown
Morphology of sclerotia
• presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
• emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
• emanating elements cystidia location
  not applicable
• crystals presence
  absent
• blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
• anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
• completeness
  complete
• matrix presence
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape
  angular
• mantle type
  angular cells (type L)
• hyphae arrangement
  not specific
• hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence
  unknown
• pores between cells presence
  absent
• septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  unknown
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
and    membranaceously brownish
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
• cell diameter
  unknown
• cell length
  unknown
• cell density
5     Minimum value
6     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
12     Maximum value
• cell wall thickness
0.4 µm    Minimum value
0.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall with globular thickenings
  absent
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
and    with few soil particles
• cell wall projections presence
  present
• cell wall projections abundance
  unknown
• cell wall projections shape
  even in thickness
and    thicker at distal end
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
• pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
• presence
  present
• organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• cell shape
  polygonal
or    epidermoid
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
or    membranaceously brownish
• cell diameter
  unknown
• cell length
  unknown
• cell density
10     Minimum value
11     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
16     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
20     Maximum value
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
• cell wall thickness
0.4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.9 µm    Maximum value
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• hyphae arrangement
  with broad streaks of parallel hyphae
or    with some considerably inflated cells
• septa thickness
  unknown
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
or    membranaceously brownish
• cell diameter
1.5 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
10.5 µm    Maximum value
• cell length
4.5 µm    Minimum value
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
24.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
33 µm    Maximum value
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  like other parts of mantle
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} cell density
9     Minimum value
12     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
18     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
22     Maximum value
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
17.5 µm    Minimum value
21 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
35.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
45.5 µm    Maximum value
• mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
26 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
88.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• calyptra cell remnants presence
  unknown
• calyptra cell remnants type
  unknown
• mantle different layers presence
  discernable
• outer mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
3.5 µm    Minimum value
4.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
13.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
21 µm    Maximum value
• outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1.8 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
7.5 µm    Maximum value
• middle mantle layer presence
  absent
• inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
• inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
2 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
13 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
20.5 µm    Maximum value
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1.5 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5.5 µm    Maximum value

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
• presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  rectangular
or    round
or    radially-oval to -elliptic, oriented obliquely
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
9 µm    Minimum value
14 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
33 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
6.5 µm    Minimum value
14.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
46 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
49.5 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
18.4 µm    Mean (= average)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
1     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• kind
  periepidermal [occasionally]
or    paraepidermal
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  roundish
or    cylindrical
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
1.5 µm    Minimum value
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
• structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
• lobes width
0 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• lobes septa presence
  unknown
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section
• calyptra cell remnants presence
  unknown
• calyptra cell remnants kind
  unknown
• mantle different layers presence
  discernible
• outer mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
2.5 µm    Minimum value
3.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
19.5 µm    Maximum value
• middle mantle layer presence
  absent
• inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
• inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Maximum value

Anatomy of the tannin cells in cross-section
• presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in cross-section
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  rectangular
or    round
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
11 µm    Minimum value
16 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
23.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt
19.6 µm    Mean (= average)
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq
1.1     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in cross-section
• presence
  present
• kind
  apparently two rows deep
or    apparently one and a half row deep
• anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells thickness
2.5 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Maximum value
• lobes width
0 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• lobes septa presence
  unknown
• structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
• intrahyphal hyphae presence
  unknown
• intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence
  unknown
• septal pores configuration
  unknown
• backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  unknown
• backwards-oriented clamps presence
  unknown
• anastomoses type
  unknown
• anastomoses surface habit
  unknown
• anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls}
  unknown
• anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae}
  unknown
• anastomoses location
  unknown
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae






Anatomy of rhizomorphs
• type
  slightly differentiated; central hyphae somewhat enlarged
(type C)
• nodia presence
  absent
• internal nodia presence
  absent
• gelatinous matrix presence
  absent
• gelatinized hyphae presence
  absent
• hyphae distinctly different diameter
  absent
• cup-like structures on surface presence
  absent
• conical young side-branches presence
  absent
• a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence
  absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on peripheral hyphae [infrequent]
• contents presence-kind
  absent
• ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on peripheral hyphae [infrequent]
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on peripheral hyphae [infrequent]
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on peripheral hyphae [infrequent]
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  only on peripheral hyphae [infrequent]
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of chlamydospores
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
• {of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Autofluorescence

• whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
  absent
• whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
  absent
• mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence
  present [greenish throughout with medium intensity]
• mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
  present [yellow to oragne throughout with medium intensity]
• mantle in section green-filter, 530-560 nm presence
  present [very light red throughout]

Chemical reactions

• reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  absent
• reaction with FeSO4 presence
  absent
• reaction with guaiac presence
  absent
• reaction with KOH 10% presence
  absent [15%]
• reaction with lactic acid presence
  absent
• reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
• reaction with methylene blue presence
  absent
• reaction with sudan III presence
  present [ochre to brown]
• reaction with sudan IV presence
  present [ochre to brown]
• reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  present [red]
• reaction with toluidin blue presence
  present [lilac]
• reaction with trypan blue presence
  absent

Ecology

• substrate
  in organically enriched mineral horizon
• geographic occurrence continent
  Europe

Tree

• plant family
  Fagaceae
• plant genus
  Quercus
• plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

– Item listing –