Rhodocollybia butyracea + Pinus

– Item listing –

Literature

• references
  Mleczko P (2004) Rhodocollybia butyracea (Bull.: Fr.) Lennox (forma butyracea) + Pinus sylvestris L. Decr Ectomyc 7/8: 101-108.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• length
1.5 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification presence-type
  dichotomous
• tips {per 10 mm} number
  unknown
• ramification orders
  unknown
• abundance
  unknown
• main axis diameter
0.5 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.6 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• taste {after 2-3 min chewing}
  unknown
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
• rhizomorphs presence
  present
• rhizomorphs frequency
  unknown
• exploration type
  short distance
Morphology of the unramified ends
• mantle hydrophobicity presence
  unknown
• shape
  straight
or    bent [sometimes]
• shape {of distal end}
  tapering [slightly]
• length
0.5 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter
0.5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Mean (= average)
• colour
  ochre, yellowish brown
or    whitish [whitish ochre]
• very tip colour
  whitish
• after injury colour
  unchanged
• older parts colour
  brownish
or    ochre, yellowish brown
• mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  absent
or    present [partially]
• mantle transparency
  not transparent
• mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
• mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
• mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
  not smooth
• mantle surface {in detail} kind
  loosely woolly
or    densely cottony [with fans]
• emanating hyphae presence
  present
• emanating hyphae abundance
  abundant
• emanating hyphae distribution
  unknown
Morphology of rhizomorphs
• diameter
  unknown
• cross-section shape
  unknown
• colour
  unknown
• after injury colour
  unchanged
• ramification kind-frequency
  unknown
• connection to mantle kind
  fan-like
• origin location
  unknown
• connection to substrate
  growing into the soil or organic layers
• margin habit
  fan-like
• dimorphism presence
  unknown
Morphology of sclerotia
• presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
• emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
or    emanating hyphae
• emanating elements cystidia location
  generally present
or    on outer mantle layer
or    on rhizomorphs
• crystals presence
  absent
• blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
• anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
• completeness
  complete
• matrix presence
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• mantle type
  hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B)
• hyphal system kind
  undifferentiated
• hyphae short protrusions presence
  present
• hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence
  unknown
• hyphae hyphal junctions angle {between}
  unknown
• septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  as thick as walls
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell shape
  cylindric, constricted at septa
and    ampullate at both sides of septum [slightly]
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
• cell diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
8 µm    Maximum value
• cell length
20 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
75 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall thickness
0.4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
• pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
• presence
  present
• organisation
  plectenchymatous [dense, resembling epidermoid pseudparenchyma]
• hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, without pattern
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
• cell diameter
4.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
4.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
• cell wall thickness
0.6 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.8 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• hyphae arrangement
  without pattern
• septa thickness
  unknown
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
• cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  like other parts of mantle
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
19.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
28 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
26 µm    Mean (= average)
26 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
26 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• calyptra cell remnants presence
  unknown
• calyptra cell remnants type
  unknown
• mantle different layers presence
  not discernable
• unlayered mantle organization
  plectenchymatous [compact]
• unlayered mantle hyphae tangentially length
3.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
16.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
19 µm    Maximum value
• unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter
1.5 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• rows number
  unknown
• shape
  tangentially-oval, -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis
• tangentially length
30 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• radially diameter
11.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
28.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mean tangenial length TCt
45 µm    Mean (= average)
• mean shape-ratio TCq
2.6     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  rectangular
or    round
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
11.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
41.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
16.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
34.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
38 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
23 µm    Mean (= average)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
0.85     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• kind
  in two rows, not reaching endodermis
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape
  unknown
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness
3.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8.9 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around tannin cells number
  one
or    two [sometimes]
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  unknown
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
3.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8.9 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
or    two [sometimes]
• structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
• lobes width
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• lobes septa presence
  unknown
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
• intrahyphal hyphae presence
  present
• intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence
  unknown
• septal pores configuration
  globular thickenings
• backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  unknown
• backwards-oriented clamps presence
  present
• anastomoses type
  open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking
or    closed by a clamp, with a long bridge [? If anastomosis]
• anastomoses surface habit
  smooth
• anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls}
  unknown
• anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae}
  unknown
• anastomoses location
  not specified
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
• shape
  not striking
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
• pigment presence-distribution
  unknown
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
• presence
  present
• kind
  acute
or    Y-shaped [rarely]
• distance {from septum}
  adjacent to septum
• side-branches at septum number
  one side-branch at septum
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae point of ramification thickness {relative to main part of branch}
  unknown

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
• clamps presence
  present
• clamps surface kind
  smooth
• clamps outline {in dorsal view}
  unknown
• clamps width {relative to hypha in dorsal view}
  unknown
• clamps outline {in lateral view}
  as a semicircle
• clamps width {relative to hypha in lateral view}
  unknown
• clamps hole presence
  present
• clamps blister-like structure {at basis} presence
  absent

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae
• presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
  unknown
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
  unknown
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
20 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
75 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.6 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.8 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
1 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall layers number
  unknown
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness at tip {relative to remaining cell wall}
  thinner
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall {apart from tip} evenness
  even in thickness


Anatomy of rhizomorphs
• type
  undifferentiated; hyphae rather loosely woven and of uniform diameter
(type A)
• internal nodia presence
  absent
• gelatinous matrix presence
  absent
• gelatinized hyphae presence
  absent
• hyphae distinctly different diameter
  absent
• cup-like structures on surface presence
  absent
• conical young side-branches presence
  absent
• a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence
  absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
• contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of chlamydospores
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
• {of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Autofluorescence

• whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
  absent
• whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
  absent
• mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence
  present [mantle bluish]
• mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
  present [mantle greeish yellow]
• mantle in section green-filter, 530-560 nm presence
  present [mantle reddish]

Chemical reactions

• reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  present [cytoplasm and walls bluish]
• reaction with ethanol 70% presence
  absent
• reaction with guaiac presence
  present [mantle bluish]
• reaction with KOH 10% presence
  absent [15%]
• reaction with lactic acid presence
  absent
• reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
• reaction with toluidin blue presence
  present [hyphal walls violet]

Ecology

• substrate
  in organically enriched mineral horizon
• soil pH
  pH 3 - 4
or    pH 4 - 5
• geographic occurrence continent
  Europe
• knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

• plant family
  Pinaceae
• plant genus
  Pinus
• plant subgenus-section
  two-needle-pines
• plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

• family
  Tricholomataceae
• fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    pileate-lamellate

Remarks

• public notes
  HapII: 450 bp, 370 bp; HaeIII: 820 bp; EcoRI: 390 bp, 240 bp, 190 bp.

– Item listing –