Melanogaster broomeianus Berk. ex Tul. + Alnus

– Item listing –

Literature

references
  Wiedmer E, Senn-Irlet B, Hahn C, Agerer R (2004) Melanogaster broomeianus Berk. Ex Tul. + Alnus viridis (Chaix) DC. Descr Ectomyc 7/8: 49-57.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
length
8 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
60 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate [irregular]
tips {per 10 mm} number
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
19     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
ramification orders
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
abundance
  abundant, dense
main axis diameter
0.4 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
taste {after 2-3 min chewing}
  unknown
rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
rhizomorphs presence
  present
rhizomorphs frequency
  abundant
exploration type
  long distance
Morphology of the unramified ends
mantle hydrophobicity presence
  unknown
shape
  straight
or    bent
or    tortuous
shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
diameter
0.3 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
colour
  yellow
very tip colour
  yellow
older parts colour
  brown
or    ochre, yellowish brown
mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
mantle transparency
  not transparent
mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
mantle surface {in general} habit
  not smooth
mantle surface {in detail} kind
  densely stringy [to short-spiny]
or    loosely short-spiny
emanating hyphae presence
  present
emanating hyphae abundance
  infrequent
emanating hyphae distribution
  unknown
Morphology of rhizomorphs
diameter
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cross-section shape
  round or roundish
colour
  concolourous to mantle
ramification kind-frequency
  infrequently, at restricted points
connection to mantle kind
  distinct
origin location
  not specific
margin habit
  smooth
or    hairy
dimorphism presence
  variable
Morphology of sclerotia
presence
  present
abundance
  infrequent
shape
  globular
diameter
0.3 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
colour
  yellow
formation location
  laterally on rhizomorphs

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
or    emanating hyphae
or    cystidia
emanating elements cystidia location
  on outer mantle layer
or    on rhizomorphs
crystals presence
  present
crystals location
  outer mantle layer
or    peripheral hyphae of rhizomorphs
or    emanating hyphae
blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
completeness
  complete
matrix presence
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
organisation
  plectenchymatous
mantle type
  ring-like arrangement of hyphal bundles (type A)
and    occasional patches of roundish cells on the mantle (type F)
hyphae short protrusions presence
  absent
hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence
  absent
hyphae hyphal junctions angle {between}
  ca. 45° and less
septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  unknown
septa clamps presence
  present
septa clamps abundance
  abundant
cell shape
  cylindric, constricted at septa
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
cell contents presence-kind
  {in some cells} homogeneous, brownish [pale brown]
cell diameter
2.5 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4.5 µm    Maximum value
cell length
  unknown
cell wall thickness
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Mean (= average)
cell wall surface habit
  with many crystals
crystals diameter
  unknown
crystals length
0 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous
hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, ring-like
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish [paler than in the outer mantle layer]
cell diameter
2.5 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5.5 µm    Maximum value
cell length
  unknown
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
cell wall thickness
0.5 µm    Mean (= average)
0.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous [densely]
hyphae arrangement
  with broad streaks of parallel hyphae
septa thickness
  unknown
septa clamps presence
  present
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
cell diameter
2.5 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell length
  unknown
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  like other parts of mantle
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
mantle thickness {apart from tip}
45 µm    Minimum value
55 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
80 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
100 µm    Maximum value
calyptra cell remnants presence
  unknown
calyptra cell remnants type
  unknown
mantle different layers presence
  discernable
outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous [loosely]
outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
3 µm    Minimum value
40 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
110 µm    Maximum value
outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
50 µm    Maximum value
middle mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
2 µm    Minimum value
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
80 µm    Maximum value
middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Maximum value
inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous [densely]
inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
4 µm    Minimum value
20 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
90 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
140 µm    Maximum value
inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented obliquely
or    radially-oval to -elliptic, oriented obliquely
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
15 µm    Minimum value
20 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
65 µm    Maximum value
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
37 µm    Mean (= average)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
1.8     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
presence
  present
kind
  unknown
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  roundish
or    cylindrical
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
lobes width
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Maximum value
lobes septa presence
  unknown
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
intrahyphal hyphae presence
  unknown
intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence
  unknown
septal pores configuration
  unknown
backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  unknown
backwards-oriented clamps presence
  unknown
anastomoses type
  open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking
anastomoses surface habit
  unknown
anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls}
  unknown
anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae}
  thinner
anastomoses location
  not specified
Anatomy of cystidia

Anatomy of cystidia (type 1)
type
  globular (type G)
or    capitate (type N) [or clavate]
branches ramification presence
  absent
septa presence
  absent
basal clamp walls abruptly thick
  absent
foot cell presence
  absent
diameter {proximal}
  unknown
diameter {distal}
7 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
length
25 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
60 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall colour
  unknown
cell wall colour {relative to mantle cells}
  unknown
cell wall thickness
0.7 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall thickness {relative to mantle cells}
  thicker
cell wall evenness
  uneven in thickness [distally thicker]
surface habit
  smooth
contents presence
  absent

Anatomy of emanating hyphae
shape
  wavy
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
pigment presence-distribution
  unknown
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
presence
  present
kind
  unknown
distance {from septum}
  adjacent to septum
side-branches at septum number
  one side-branch at septum
or    two true (at one height) side-branches at septum
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae point of ramification thickness {relative to main part of branch}
  unknown

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
clamps presence
  present
clamps surface kind
  unknown
clamps outline {in dorsal view}
  unknown
clamps width {relative to hypha in dorsal view}
  unknown
clamps outline {in lateral view}
  unknown
clamps width {relative to hypha in lateral view}
  unknown
clamps hole presence
  absent
clamps blister-like structure {at basis} presence
  absent

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae
presence
  unknown
abundance
  unknown
distribution
  unknown

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
2 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
6.5 µm    Maximum value
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
35 µm    Minimum value
50 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
90 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
110 µm    Maximum value
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  with crystals
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface structures shape
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Mean (= average)
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall layers number
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness at tip {relative to remaining cell wall}
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall {apart from tip} evenness
  unknown

Anatomy of the crystals occouring in emanating hyphae
presence shape
  unknown
orientation
  unknown
diameter
  unknown
length
0 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the warts occouring on emanating hyphae
presence
  not applicable
length
  not applicable
Anatomy of rhizomorphs
type
  highly differentiated; thick hyphae forming mostly a core, septa often partially or completely dissolved
(type F)
nodia presence
  present
internal nodia presence
  absent
gelatinous matrix presence
  absent
gelatinized hyphae presence
  absent
hyphae distinctly different diameter
  absent
cup-like structures on surface presence
  absent
conical young side-branches presence
  unknown
a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence
  absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  unknown
contents presence-kind
  filled with brownish or yellowish substances
ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  filled with brownish or yellowish substances
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  filled with brownish or yellowish substances
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  filled with brownish or yellowish substances
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  filled with brownish or yellowish substances
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of chlamydospores
presence
  absent
Anatomy of sclerotia
internal structure organisation
  plectenchymatous throughout
center structure habit
  unknown
Anatomy of haustoria
{of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
{in foreign ectomycorrhizae} presence
  unknown
{in foreign ectomycorrhizae} abundance
  unknown
{in foreign ectomycorrhizae} formed in fungal genus
  unknown
{of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Autofluorescence

whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
  absent
whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

reaction with acetic acid presence
  unknown
reaction with acid fuchsin presence
  unknown
reaction with AgNO3 presence
  unknown
reaction with anilin presence
  absent
reaction with brillant-cresyl-blue presence
  unknown
reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  unknown
reaction with ethanol 70% presence
  unknown
reaction with FEA presence
  unknown
reaction with FeSO4 presence
  present [blue, pigment dissolving]
reaction with formol 40% presence
  unknown
reaction with guaiac presence
  absent
reaction with HCl presence
  unknown
reaction with KOH 10% presence
  present [black]
reaction with lactic acid presence
  present [mantle without reaction, rhizomorphs red (non consistent)]
reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
reaction with methylene blue presence
  unknown
reaction with phenole presence
  absent
reaction with phenole-aniline presence
  unknown
reaction with ruthenium-red presence
  unknown
reaction with sudan III presence
  unknown
reaction with sudan IV presence
  unknown
reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  absent
reaction with sulphuric acid presence
  unknown
reaction with toluidin blue presence
  unknown
reaction with trypan blue presence
  unknown
reaction with water presence
  pigment dissolving

Ecology

geographic occurrence continent
  Europe
knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown ['9001' added to avoid duplicates!]#OCCURS TWICE IN SAME CHARACTER: PLEASE CORRECT DEFINITION!#

Tree

plant family
  Betulaceae
plant genus
  Alnus
plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

family
  Melanogastraceae
fruitbodies growth habit
  hypogeous
or    gastroid

– Item listing –