| • references | |
| Mleczko P (2004) Russula sardonia Fr. + Pinus sylvestris L. Descr Ectomyc 7/8: 127-134. - Beenken L (2004) Die Gattung Russula. Untersuchungen zu ihrer Systematik anhand von Ektomykorrhizen. Dissertation, Universität München. http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/archive/00003175/01/Beenken_Ludwig.pdf | |
| • length | |
| 0.5 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 6 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • ramification presence-type | |
| dichotomous | |
| or | coralloid |
| • tips {per 10 mm} number | |
| unknown | |
| • ramification orders | |
| unknown | |
| • abundance | |
| unknown | |
| • main axis diameter | |
| 0.4 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.5 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • taste {after 2-3 min chewing} | |
| unknown | |
| • rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs presence | |
| present | |
| • rhizomorphs frequency | |
| infrequent | |
| • exploration type | |
| contact | |
| • mantle hydrophobicity presence | |
| absent | |
| • shape | |
| straight | |
| • shape {of distal end} | |
| not inflated, cylindric | |
| • length | |
| 0.5 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3.5 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • diameter | |
| 0.3 mm | Minimum value |
| 0.4 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.6 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • colour | |
| yellowish | |
| or | reddish [rosy brown] |
| • very tip colour | |
| yellowish | |
| or | reddish [light rosy brown] |
| • older parts colour | |
| brownish | |
| or | yellow [dark] |
| or | orange [slightly] |
| or | reddish |
| • mantle cortical cells visibility | |
| unknown | |
| • mantle {distinct} surface visibility | |
| present | |
| • mantle transparency | |
| unknown | |
| • mantle laticifers visibility | |
| absent | |
| • mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence | |
| absent | |
| • mantle dots presence-colour | |
| whitish | |
| • mantle carbonizing presence | |
| absent | |
| • mantle surface {in general} habit | |
| not smooth | |
| • mantle surface {in detail} kind | |
| densely grainy or warty | |
| or | loosely grainy or warty |
| • emanating hyphae presence | |
| present | |
| • emanating hyphae abundance | |
| infrequent | |
| • emanating hyphae distribution | |
| unknown | |
| • diameter | |
| unknown | |
| • cross-section shape | |
| unknown | |
| • colour | |
| yellowish | |
| • ramification kind-frequency | |
| unknown | |
| • connection to mantle kind | |
| unknown | |
| • origin location | |
| proximal | |
| • margin habit | |
| unknown | |
| • dimorphism presence | |
| unknown | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • emanating elements presence-type | |
| rhizomorphs | |
| or | emanating hyphae |
| • emanating elements cystidia location | |
| unknown | |
| • crystals presence | |
| absent | |
| • blue granules presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence | |
| present | |
| • completeness | |
| complete | |
| • matrix presence | |
| absent | |
| • organisation | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape | |
| epidermoid, puzzle-like, jig-saw-shaped | |
| • mantle type | |
| some cells containing droplets, staining in sulpho-vanillin; shape variable (type N) | |
| and | epidermoid cells bearing a hyphal net (type Q) |
| • hyphal net cells shape | |
| aculeate, acuminated horn-shaped | |
| and | with ring- or star-like structures |
| • hyphal net cells diameter | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 8.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 12 µm | Maximum value |
| • hyphal net cell walls habit | |
| distinct, rather thick | |
| • hyphal net clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| not specific | |
| • hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence | |
| absent | |
| • pores between cells presence | |
| unknown | |
| • pores between cells abundance | |
| unknown | |
| • septa thickness {relative to cell walls} | |
| unknown | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| membranaceously yellowish | |
| • cell contents presence-kind | |
| droplets, that stain in sulpho-vanillin | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 2 µm | Minimum value |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 7.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 12 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell length | |
| 5 µm | Minimum value |
| 8 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 17 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 30 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell density | |
| 3 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell wall thickness | |
| 0.3 µm | Minimum value |
| 0.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 1.7 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell wall with globular thickenings | |
| absent | |
| • cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| • cell wall projections presence | |
| present | |
| • cell wall projections abundance | |
| infrequent | |
| • cell wall projections shape | |
| even in thickness | |
| • drops of exuded pigment presence | |
| absent | |
| • roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence | |
| absent | |
| • pigment granula on surface presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • organisation | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| not applicable | |
| or | plectenchymatous, without pattern |
| • cell shape | |
| epidermoid | |
| • cell diameter | |
| not applicable | |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 12 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell length | |
| not applicable | |
| 8 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 30 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell density | |
| not applicable | |
| • cell contents presence-kind | |
| droplets, that stain in sulpho-vanillin | |
| • cell wall thickness | |
| 0.3 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 0.3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.3 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| • crystals diameter | |
| not applicable | |
| • crystals length | |
| not applicable | |
| • cell blue granules location | |
| not applicable | |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous [densely] | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| without pattern | |
| • hyphae vessel-like presence | |
| absent | |
| • septa thickness | |
| unknown | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| membranaceously yellowish | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 5.5 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell length | |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 45 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • cell contents presence-kind | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation | |
| like other parts of mantle | |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} matrix kind | |
| not gelatinous | |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} hyphae diameter | |
| 1.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} cell density | |
| unknown | |
| • mantle thickness {apart from tip} | |
| 18 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 46 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip} | |
| 18 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 30.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • calyptra cell remnants presence | |
| unknown | |
| • calyptra cell remnants type | |
| unknown | |
| • mantle different layers presence | |
| discernable | |
| • outer mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 18 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 25 µm | Maximum value |
| • outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
| 2.5 µm | Minimum value |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 6.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • middle mantle layer organisation | |
| pseudoparenchymatous | |
| • middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
| 7 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 20 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 25 µm | Maximum value |
| • middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
| 4.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 9.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • inner mantle layer organisation | |
| unknown | |
| • inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length | |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 23 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 55 µm | Maximum value |
| • inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
| 2.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • rows number | |
| unknown | |
| • shape | |
| tangentially-oval, -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis [often triangular and flattened] | |
| • tangentially length | |
| 11.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 45.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • radially diameter | |
| 5.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 38.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • mean tangenial length TCt | |
| 30 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • mean shape-ratio TCq | |
| 1.94 | Mean (= average) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length | |
| 11.5 µm | Minimum value |
| 14 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 59.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter | |
| 10.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 52.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt) | |
| 31 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq) | |
| 1 | Mean (= average) |
| • intrahyphal hyphae presence | |
| unknown | |
| • intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • septal pores configuration | |
| unknown | |
| • backwards-oriented ramifications presence | |
| unknown | |
| • backwards-oriented clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • anastomoses type | |
| open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking | |
| • anastomoses surface habit | |
| unknown | |
| • anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls} | |
| unknown | |
| • anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae} | |
| unknown | |
| • anastomoses location | |
| unknown | |
| • shape | |
| wavy | |
| or | tortuous |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| membranaceously yellowish | |
| • pigment presence-distribution | |
| unknown | |
| • cell contents presence-kind | |
| absent | |
| • drops of exuded pigment presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • kind | |
| acute | |
| or | Y-shaped |
| • distance {from septum} | |
| unknown | |
| • side-branches at septum number | |
| one side-branch at septum | |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae point of ramification thickness {relative to main part of branch} | |
| unknown | |
| • clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • type | |
| undifferentiated; hyphae rather loosely woven and of uniform diameter (type A) |
|
| • internal nodia presence | |
| absent | |
| • gelatinous matrix presence | |
| absent | |
| • gelatinized hyphae presence | |
| absent | |
| • hyphae distinctly different diameter | |
| absent | |
| • cup-like structures on surface presence | |
| absent | |
| • conical young side-branches presence | |
| absent | |
| • a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence | |
| absent | |
| • contents presence-kind | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence | |
| absent | |
| • whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence | |
| absent | |
| • mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence | |
| present [mantle blue] | |
| • mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence | |
| present [mantle yellowish] | |
| • mantle in section green-filter, 530-560 nm presence | |
| present [mantle red] | |
| • soil pH | |
| pH 3 - 4 | |
| • geographic occurrence continent | |
| Europe | |
| • knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence | |
| unknown ['9001' added to avoid duplicates!]#OCCURS TWICE IN SAME CHARACTER: PLEASE CORRECT DEFINITION!# | |
| • plant family | |
| Pinaceae | |
| • plant genus | |
| Pinus | |
| • plant subgenus-section | |
| two-needle-pines | |
| • plant habitat kind | |
| forests, woods | |
| • family | |
| Russulaceae | |
| • subgenus-section | |
| Russula sect. Firmae | |
| • fruitbodies growth habit | |
| epigeous | |
| or | pileate-lamellate |
| • PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bands number | |
| 3 | Mean (= average) |
| • PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 1. band from below number | |
| 380 | Mean (= average) |
| • PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 2. band from below number | |
| 350 | Mean (= average) |
| • PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 3. band from below number | |
| 120 | Mean (= average) |
| • public notes | |
| EcoR I: 520 bp, 350 bp; Taq I: 300 bp, 260 bp, 130 bp, 75 bp, 65 bp, 55 bp | |