Leucangium carthusianum (Tul.) Paol. + Pseudotsuga

– Item listing –

Literature

references
  Palfner G, Agerer R (1998) Leucangium carthusianum (Tul.) Paol. (= Picoa carthusiana Tul. & Tu.l) + Pseudostuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco. Descr Ectomyc 3: 37-42.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
length
6 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
16.5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pyramidal [to irregularly ramified]
tips {per 10 mm} number
  unknown
ramification orders
  unknown
abundance
  unknown
main axis diameter
0.5 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.8 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
taste {after 2-3 min chewing}
  unknown
rhizomorphs presence
  absent
exploration type
  contact
Morphology of the unramified ends
mantle hydrophobicity presence
  absent
shape
  bent
or    tortuous
shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4.5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
diameter
0.3 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.6 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
colour
  brown [reddish brown with occasional darker chestnut or purplish brown spots]
very tip colour
  unknown
older parts colour
  dark brown
mantle cortical cells visibility
  visible
mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
mantle transparency
  unknown
mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
mantle dots presence-colour
  brown
mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
mantle surface {in general} habit
  smooth
or    covered with soil particles
mantle surface {in detail} kind
  not applicable
emanating hyphae presence
  present
emanating hyphae abundance
  infrequent
emanating hyphae distribution
  unknown
Morphology of sclerotia
presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
emanating elements presence-type
  emanating hyphae
emanating elements cystidia location
  on outer mantle layer
crystals presence
  absent
blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
presence
  absent
anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
completeness
  unknown
matrix presence
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape
  angular
mantle type
  angular cells (type L) [often also appearing as short, ramified or lobed hyphal cells, often in axially elongated chains]
hyphae arrangement
  not specific
hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence
  present
pores between cells presence
  absent
septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  as thick as walls
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously brownish
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
cell diameter
4 µm    Minimum value
7 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell length
5 µm    Minimum value
8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
56 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
62 µm    Maximum value
cell density
3     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
6     Maximum value
cell wall thickness
0.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall with globular thickenings
  absent
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
and    with few soil particles
cell wall projections presence
  unknown
cell wall projections abundance
  unknown
cell wall projections shape
  unknown
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous [outer portions mostly forming chains of cells in parallel to root-axis, cells of inner middle potions less regularly shaped]
cell shape
  polygonal
or    roundish
or    epidermoid
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously brownish
cell diameter
4 µm    Minimum value
7 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
26 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell length
5 µm    Minimum value
8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
39 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
47 µm    Maximum value
cell density
  unknown
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
cell wall thickness
0.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous [hyphae short, irregularly shaped]
hyphae arrangement
  without pattern
septa thickness
  unknown
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell pigment location-colour
  unknown
cell diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
17 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
21 µm    Maximum value
cell length
7 µm    Minimum value
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
33 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
48 µm    Maximum value
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  like other parts of mantle
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} matrix kind
  not applicable
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} hyphae diameter
  unknown
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} cell density
5     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
8     Maximum value
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
mantle thickness {apart from tip}
15 µm    Minimum value
20 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
50 µm    Maximum value
mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
  unknown
calyptra cell remnants presence
  present
calyptra cell remnants type
  close to root cells
mantle different layers presence
  discernable
outer mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
46 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
78 µm    Maximum value
outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Minimum value
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
17 µm    Maximum value
23 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
middle mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
47 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
60 µm    Maximum value
middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
9 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
13 µm    Maximum value
inner mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
33 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
presence
  present
rows number
2     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
shape
  tangentially-oval, -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis [flattened angular to spindle-like, sometimes isodiametrical]
tangentially length
52 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
161 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
203 µm    Maximum value
radially diameter
7 µm    Minimum value
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
22 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
mean tangenial length TCt
  unknown
mean shape-ratio TCq
3.6     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7     Mean (= average)
13     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
33 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
190 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
233 µm    Maximum value
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
17 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
76 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
  unknown
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
1.2     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.5     Mean (= average)
7.5     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
presence
  present
kind
  one or half a row of cortical cells adjoining endodermis free of Hartig net
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape
  unknown
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness
2 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around tannin cells number
  one
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  unknown
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
2 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
lobes width
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
lobes septa presence
  unknown
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section
calyptra cell remnants presence
  present
calyptra cell remnants kind
  close to root cells
mantle different layers presence
  discernible
outer mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
5 µm    Minimum value
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
29 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Minimum value
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
17 µm    Maximum value
middle mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
17 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
inner mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
2 µm    Minimum value
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
22 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in cross-section
presence
  present
rows number
  unknown
shape
  tangentially-oval to tangentially-elliptic
tangentially length
22 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
45 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
radially diameter
9 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
39 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
mean tangential length TCt
  unknown
mean shape-ratio TCq
0.6     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1.7     Mean (= average)
4.2     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the cortical cells in cross-section
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  rectangular
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
36 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
67 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
100 µm    Maximum value
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
17 µm    Minimum value
35 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
67 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
78 µm    Maximum value
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt
  unknown
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq
0.6     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1     Mean (= average)
2.1     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in cross-section
presence
  present
kind
  apparently one and a half row deep
anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape
  unknown
anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness
2 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around tannin cells number
  one
anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  unknown
anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells thickness
2 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
lobes width
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
lobes septa presence
  unknown
structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
intrahyphal hyphae presence
  present
intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence
  absent
septal pores configuration
  unknown
backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  unknown
backwards-oriented clamps presence
  absent
anastomoses type
  unknown
anastomoses surface habit
  unknown
anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls}
  unknown
anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae}
  unknown
anastomoses location
  unknown
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
shape
  unknown
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously brownish
pigment presence-distribution
  unknown
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
presence
  present
kind
  Y-shaped
distance {from septum}
  unknown
side-branches at septum number
  one side-branch at septum
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae point of ramification thickness {relative to main part of branch}
  unknown

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
clamps presence
  absent


Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  smooth
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall layers number
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness at tip {relative to remaining cell wall}
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall {apart from tip} evenness
  unknown


Anatomy of rhizomorphs

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
Anatomy of chlamydospores
presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
{of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
{in foreign ectomycorrhizae} presence
  unknown
{in foreign ectomycorrhizae} abundance
  unknown
{in foreign ectomycorrhizae} formed in fungal genus
  unknown
{of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

reaction with acetic acid presence
  unknown
reaction with acid fuchsin presence
  absent
reaction with AgNO3 presence
  unknown
reaction with anilin presence
  absent
reaction with brillant-cresyl-blue presence
  absent
reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  absent
reaction with ethanol 70% presence
  absent
reaction with FEA presence
  unknown
reaction with FeSO4 presence
  absent
reaction with formol 40% presence
  absent
reaction with guaiac presence
  absent
reaction with HCl presence
  unknown
reaction with KJ presence
  unknown
reaction with KOH 10% presence
  absent
reaction with lactic acid presence
  absent
reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
reaction with methylene blue presence
  unknown
reaction with phenole presence
  absent
reaction with phenole-aniline presence
  absent
reaction with ruthenium-red presence
  absent
reaction with sudan III presence
  unknown
reaction with sudan IV presence
  unknown
reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  present [whole mantle staining red, some hyphal septa separating into two and arching asymmtrically into cell lumen, thus forming o-like structures]
reaction with sulphuric acid presence
  unknown
reaction with toluidin blue presence
  unknown
reaction with trypan blue presence
  unknown
reaction with water presence
  unknown

Ecology

geographic occurrence continent
  North America
knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

plant family
  Pinaceae
plant genus
  Pseudotsuga
plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

family
  Helvellaceae

DNA-Analysis

PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bands number
3     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 1. band from below number
450     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 2. band from below number
240     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 3. band from below number
125     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bands number
3     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 1. band from below number
240     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 2. band from below number
160     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 3. band from below number
  variable [TaqI: 420 bp, 210 bp, 160 bp]
120     Mean (= average)

– Item listing –