Cortinarius magellanicus Spegazzini + Nothofagus

Literature

• references
	Palfner G (2001) Taxonomische Studien an Ektomykorrhizen aus den Nothofagus-Wäldern Mittelsüdchiles. Bibliotheca Mycologica Vol. 190, Cramer, Berlin Stuttgart.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system

• length
3.5 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
110 mm	Maximum value
• ramification presence-type
	monopodial-pinnate [irregularly]
or	monopodial-pyramidal [irregularly]
• tips {per 10 mm} number
	unknown
• ramification index
0.3	Minimum value
0.4	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.7	Mean (= average)
0.8	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
1	Maximum value
• ramification orders
	unknown
• abundance
	abundant, dense
• main axis diameter
0.2 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm	Maximum value
• taste {after 2-3 min chewing}
	unknown
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
	absent
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
	absent
• rhizomorphs presence
	present
• rhizomorphs frequency
	abundant
• exploration type
	medium distance fringe

Morphology of the unramified ends

• mantle hydrophobicity presence
	present
• shape
	bent
• shape {of distal end}
	not inflated, cylindric
• length
0 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
7 mm	Maximum value
• diameter
0.2 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.3 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
	white
• very tip colour
	white
• after injury colour
	unchanged
• older parts colour
	brownish
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
	present
• mantle transparency
	not transparent
• mantle laticifers visibility
	absent
• mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
	absent
• mantle dots presence-colour
	absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
	absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
	silvery
or	not smooth
• mantle surface {in detail} kind
	loosely stringy
• emanating hyphae presence
	present
• emanating hyphae abundance
	abundant
• emanating hyphae distribution
	not specifically distributed

Morphology of rhizomorphs

• diameter
0.008 mm	Minimum value
0.015 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.2 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.25 mm	Maximum value
• colour
	white
• after injury colour
	unchanged
• ramification kind-frequency
	repeatedly into smaller filaments
• connection to mantle kind
	oblique
• origin location
	not specific
• connection to substrate
	growing into the soil or organic layers
• margin habit
	hairy
• dimorphism presence
	unknown

Morphology of sclerotia

• presence
	present
• abundance
	abundant
• shape
	globular
or	elongated
• diameter
0.4 mm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1 mm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• length
0.4 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
	white [white to yellowish white]
• formation location
	intercalarily on rhizomorphs [or terminally]

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza

• emanating elements presence-type
	rhizomorphs
or	emanating hyphae
• crystals presence
	absent
• blue granules presence
	absent

Anatomy of laticifers

• presence
	absent
• anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
	absent

Anatomical features of the mantle

• completeness
	complete
• matrix presence
	absent

Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip

• organisation
	plectenchymatous
• mantle type
	hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B)
• clavate end cell cover presence
	absent
• hyphal system kind
	undifferentiated
• hyphae short protrusions presence
	absent
• hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence
	unknown
• hyphae hyphal junctions angle {between}
	ca. 45° and less
• septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
	unknown
• septa clamps presence
	present
• septa clamps abundance
	abundant
• cell shape
	unknown
• cell pigment location-colour
	absent
• cell contents presence-kind
	absent
• cell diameter
2 µm	Minimum value
3 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
7 µm	Maximum value
• cell length
10 µm	Minimum value
30 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
130 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
140 µm	Maximum value
• cell wall thickness
0.1 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm	Mean (= average)
• cell wall surface habit
	smooth
• drops of exuded pigment presence
	absent
• roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
	absent
• pigment granula on surface presence
	absent

Anatomy of the middle mantle layer

• presence
	present
• organisation
	plectenchymatous
• hyphae arrangement
	plectenchymatous, without pattern
• incomplete septa presence
	absent
• cell pigment location-colour
	colourless
• cell diameter
2 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm	Maximum value
• cell length
10 µm	Minimum value
15 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
130 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
155 µm	Maximum value
• cell contents presence-kind
	absent
• cell wall thickness
0.1 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm	Mean (= average)
• cell wall surface habit
	smooth

Anatomy of the inner mantle layer

• organisation
	plectenchymatous [densely]
• hyphae arrangement
	without pattern
• hyphae vessel-like presence
	absent
• septa thickness
	unknown
• septa clamps presence
	present
• cell pigment location-colour
	absent
• cell diameter
1 µm	Minimum value
2 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
8 µm	Maximum value
• cell length
7 µm	Minimum value
10 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
60 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
110 µm	Maximum value
• cell contents presence-kind
	absent

Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip

• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
	like other parts of mantle
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} hyphae diameter
2 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
12 µm	Maximum value

Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section

• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
25 µm	Minimum value
30 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
60 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
100 µm	Maximum value
• mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
	unknown
• calyptra cell remnants presence
	present
• calyptra cell remnants type
	unknown
• mantle different layers presence
	discernable
• outer mantle layer organisation
	plectenchymatous
• outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
3 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
100 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
120 µm	Maximum value
• outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm	Maximum value
• middle mantle layer presence
	present
• middle mantle layer organisation
	plectenchymatous
• middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
3 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
75 µm	Maximum value
• middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm	Maximum value
• inner mantle layer organisation
	plectenchymatous
• inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
2 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
65 µm	Maximum value
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1 µm	Minimum value
2 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section

• presence
	absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section

• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
	radially-oval to -elliptic, oriented obliquely [to trapeziform]
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
25 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
55 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
63 µm	Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
23 µm	Minimum value
30 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
40 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
0.35	Minimum value
0.5	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.7	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
1	Mean (= average)
2	Maximum value

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section

• presence
	present
• kind
	periepidermal [sub-periepidermal]
or	paraepidermal
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
	roundish
or	cylindrical
or	beaded [slightly]
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
1 µm	Minimum value
2 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
7 µm	Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
	one
• structure {in plan view}
	of palmetti type
• lobes width
0.5 µm	Minimum value
1 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm	Maximum value
• lobes septa presence
	present

Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section

• calyptra cell remnants presence
	present
• mantle different layers presence
	discernible
• outer mantle layer organisation
	plectenchymatous
• middle mantle layer presence
	present
• middle mantle layer organisation
	plectenchymatous
• inner mantle layer organisation
	plectenchymatous

Anatomy of the tannin cells in cross-section

• presence
	absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in cross-section

• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
	rectangular [to trapezioid]
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
10 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
30 µm	Maximum value
• anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
7 µm	Minimum value
15 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
27 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
32 µm	Maximum value

Anatomy of the Hartig net in cross-section

• presence
	present
• kind
	apparently two rows deep

Anatomy of the emanating elements in general

• intrahyphal hyphae presence
	absent
• intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence
	unknown
• septal pores configuration
	globular thickenings
• backwards-oriented ramifications presence
	unknown
• backwards-oriented clamps presence
	present
• anastomoses type
	open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking
or	closed by a clamp, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking (contact-clamp)
• anastomoses surface habit
	smooth
• anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls}
	unknown
• anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae}
	unknown
• anastomoses location
	unknown

Anatomy of cystidia

Anatomy of emanating hyphae

• shape
	not striking
• cell pigment location-colour
	absent
• cell contents presence-kind
	absent
• drops of exuded pigment presence
	absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae

• presence
	present
• kind
	unknown
• distance {from septum}
	unknown
• side-branches at septum number
	unknown
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae point of ramification thickness {relative to main part of branch}
	unknown

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae

• clamps presence
	present
• clamps surface kind
	smooth
• clamps blister-like structure {at basis} presence
	absent

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae

• presence
	present [almost always present]
• abundance
	exceptional
• distribution
	unknown

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae

• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
	unknown
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
	simple
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
2 µm	Minimum value
3 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
6 µm	Maximum value
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
15 µm	Minimum value
20 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
100 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
120 µm	Maximum value
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
	smooth
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.1 µm	Mean (= average)
0.1 µm	Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm	Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of rhizomorphs

• type
	differentiated; some hyphae very thick, which appear randomly distributed, pores of septa somtimes enlarged (type D)
• nodia presence
	absent
• internal nodia presence
	absent
• gelatinous matrix presence
	unknown
• gelatinized hyphae presence
	absent
• hyphae distinctly different diameter
	absent
• cup-like structures on surface presence
	absent
• conical young side-branches presence
	absent
• a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence
	absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs

• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
	on central and peripheral hyphae
• contents presence-kind
	absent
or	filled with brownish or yellowish substances
• ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
	absent
• roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
	absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
	absent

Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs

• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
	on central and peripheral hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
	absent
or	filled with brownish or yellowish substances
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
	absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
	absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
	absent

Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs

• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
	on central and peripheral hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
	absent
or	filled with brownish or yellowish substances
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
	absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
	absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
	absent

Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs

• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
	on central and peripheral hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
	absent
or	filled with brownish or yellowish substances
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
	absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
	absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
	absent

Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs

• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
	on central and peripheral hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
	absent
or	filled with brownish or yellowish substances
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
	absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
	absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
	absent

Anatomy of chlamydospores

• presence
	absent

Anatomy of sclerotia

• internal structure organisation
	pseudoparenchymatous with angular cells
or	outer layer plectenchymatous, center pseudoparenchymatous
• center structure habit
	compactly filled

Anatomy of haustoria

• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
	absent
• {of foreign origin} presence
	absent

Autofluorescence

• whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
	absent
• whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
	absent
• mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence
	present [hyphae distinctly bluish]
• mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
	absent
• mantle in section green-filter, 530-560 nm presence
	absent

Chemical reactions

• reaction with acid fuchsin presence
	present [lilac]
• reaction with anilin presence
	absent
• reaction with brillant-cresyl-blue presence
	absent
• reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
	absent
• reaction with ethanol 70% presence
	absent
• reaction with FeSO4 presence
	absent
• reaction with formol 40% presence
	absent
• reaction with guaiac presence
	absent
• reaction with KOH 10% presence
	absent
• reaction with lactic acid presence
	absent
• reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
	absent [center of sclerotia immediately red-brown]
• reaction with phenole presence
	absent
• reaction with phenole-aniline presence
	absent
• reaction with ruthenium-red presence
	absent
• reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
	present [dark rose to light lilac]

Ecology

• substrate
	in organic layer
or	in decaying wood
• geographic occurrence continent
	South America
• knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
	unknown

Tree

• plant family
	Fagaceae
• plant genus
	Nothofagus
• plant habitat kind
	forests, woods

Fungus

• family
	Cortinariaceae
• subgenus-section
	Cortinarius subg. Myxacium
• fruitbodies growth habit
	epigeous
or	pileate-lamellate

– Item listing –