Cortinarius austrosalor Moser + Nothofagus

– Item listing –

Literature

references
  Palfner G (2001) Taxonomische Studien an Ektomykorrhizen aus den Nothofagus-Wäldern Mittelsüdchiles. Bibliotheca Mycologica Vol. 190, Cramer, Berlin Stuttgart.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
27 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
ramification presence-type
  braid-like
tips {per 10 mm} number
  unknown
ramification index
1.6     Minimum value
1.7     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.3     Mean (= average)
2.7     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
3     Maximum value
ramification orders
  unknown
abundance
  abundant, dense
main axis diameter
0.2 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
taste {after 2-3 min chewing}
  unknown
rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
rhizomorphs presence
  present
rhizomorphs frequency
  abundant
exploration type
  medium distance fringe
Morphology of the unramified ends
mantle hydrophobicity presence
  present
shape
  bent
or    sinuous
or    tortuous
shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
diameter
0.15 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.25 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
colour
  white
very tip colour
  brownish
or    whitish
after injury colour
  unchanged
older parts colour
  brownish [patchily]
mantle cortical cells visibility
  unknown
mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
mantle transparency
  not transparent
mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
mantle surface {in general} habit
  silvery
or    not smooth
mantle surface {in detail} kind
  densely woolly
or    densely cottony
or    densely stringy
emanating hyphae presence
  present
emanating hyphae abundance
  abundant
emanating hyphae distribution
  unknown
Morphology of rhizomorphs
diameter
0.018 mm    Minimum value
0.03 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.19 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.27 mm    Maximum value
cross-section shape
  unknown
colour
  concolourous to mantle
or    white
after injury colour
  unchanged
ramification kind-frequency
  repeatedly into smaller filaments
connection to mantle kind
  oblique
origin location
  not specific
connection to substrate
  growing into the soil or organic layers
margin habit
  hairy
dimorphism presence
  unknown
Morphology of sclerotia
presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
or    emanating hyphae
crystals presence
  absent
blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
presence
  absent
anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
completeness
  complete
matrix presence
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
organisation
  plectenchymatous
mantle type
  hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B)
clavate end cell cover presence
  absent
hyphal system kind
  undifferentiated
hyphae short protrusions presence
  absent
hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence
  unknown
hyphae hyphal junctions angle {between}
  ca. 45° and less
septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  unknown
septa clamps presence
  present
septa clamps abundance
  abundant
cell shape
  cylindric, constricted at septa
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
cell diameter
1.8 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4.5 µm    Maximum value
cell length
4.5 µm    Minimum value
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
70 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
102 µm    Maximum value
cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm    Mean (= average)
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
presence
  present
organisation
  plectenchymatous
hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, without pattern
incomplete septa presence
  absent
cell pigment location-colour
  colourless
cell diameter
1.8 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4.5 µm    Maximum value
cell length
6 µm    Minimum value
11 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
52 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
61 µm    Maximum value
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm    Mean (= average)
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous
hyphae arrangement
  ring-like
hyphae vessel-like presence
  absent
septa thickness
  unknown
septa clamps presence
  unknown
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
cell diameter
1 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
11 µm    Maximum value
cell length
2.5 µm    Minimum value
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
40 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
54 µm    Maximum value
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  like other parts of mantle
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
mantle thickness {apart from tip}
20 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
40 µm    Maximum value
mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
  unknown
calyptra cell remnants presence
  present
calyptra cell remnants type
  close to root cells
mantle different layers presence
  discernable
outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
1.8 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
32 µm    Maximum value
outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1.8 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Maximum value
middle mantle layer presence
  present
middle mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
2.5 µm    Minimum value
3.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
23 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Maximum value
middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1 µm    Minimum value
1.8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5.5 µm    Maximum value
inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
2 µm    Minimum value
3.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
16 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1.8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  rectangular
or    tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented obliquely
or    radially-oval to -elliptic, oriented obliquely
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
6 µm    Minimum value
8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
43 µm    Maximum value
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
19 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
28 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
32 µm    Maximum value
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
0.25     Minimum value
0.3     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1.7     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
2     Maximum value

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
presence
  present
kind
  periepidermal [to slightly subperiepidermal]
or    paraepidermal
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  roundish
or    cylindrical
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
1.8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5.5 µm    Maximum value
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
lobes width
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Maximum value
lobes septa presence
  unknown
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section
calyptra cell remnants presence
  present
calyptra cell remnants kind
  close to root cells
mantle different layers presence
  discernible
outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
middle mantle layer presence
  present
middle mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous

Anatomy of the tannin cells in cross-section
presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in cross-section
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  radially-oval to -elliptic
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
7 µm    Minimum value
13 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
19 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
7 µm    Minimum value
11 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Maximum value

Anatomy of the Hartig net in cross-section
presence
  present
Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
intrahyphal hyphae presence
  unknown
intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence
  unknown
septal pores configuration
  unknown
backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  present
backwards-oriented clamps presence
  present
anastomoses type
  open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking
anastomoses surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
shape
  not striking
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
presence
  present

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
clamps presence
  present
clamps surface kind
  smooth
clamps blister-like structure {at basis} presence
  absent

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae
presence
  present
abundance
  exceptional

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
  simple
or    ramified
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
1.8 µm    Minimum value
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4.5 µm    Maximum value
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
45 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
108 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  smooth
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Mean (= average)
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness at tip {relative to remaining cell wall}
  considerably thicker, cap-like


Anatomy of rhizomorphs
type
  differentiated; some hyphae very thick, which appear randomly distributed, pores of septa somtimes enlarged
(type D)
nodia presence
  absent
internal nodia presence
  absent
gelatinous matrix presence
  unknown
gelatinized hyphae presence
  absent
hyphae distinctly different diameter
  absent
cup-like structures on surface presence
  absent
conical young side-branches presence
  absent
a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence
  absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
contents presence-kind
  absent
ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of chlamydospores
presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
{of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
{of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Autofluorescence

whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
  absent
whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
  absent
mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence
  absent
mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
  absent
mantle in section green-filter, 530-560 nm presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

reaction with acid fuchsin presence
  absent
reaction with anilin presence
  present [after a while yellowish]
reaction with brillant-cresyl-blue presence
  absent
reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  present
reaction with ethanol 70% presence
  absent
reaction with FeSO4 presence
  absent
reaction with formol 40% presence
  present [mantle slightly grey]
reaction with guaiac presence
  absent
reaction with KOH 10% presence
  absent
reaction with lactic acid presence
  absent
reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
reaction with phenole presence
  absent
reaction with phenole-aniline presence
  present [mantle slightly grey]
reaction with ruthenium-red presence
  absent
reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  present [mantle at first rosy the apricot]

Ecology

geographic occurrence continent
  South America
knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

plant family
  Fagaceae
plant genus
  Nothofagus
plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

family
  Cortinariaceae
subgenus-section
  Cortinarius subg. Myxacium
fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    pileate-lamellate

– Item listing –