|
|
– Enlarged view – |
| • references | |
| Agerer R (1987) Studies on ectomycorrhizae V. Mycorrhizae formed by Dermocybe cinnamomea and D. sanguinea on spruce. Nova Hedwigia 44(1-2): 69-89. Agerer R, Gronbach E (1987) Dermocybe cinnamomea. In Agerer R (ed) Colour Atlas of Ectomycorrhizae, plate 7, Einhorn-Verlag, Schwäbisch Gmünd. Berg B (1989) Charakterisierung und Vergleich von Ektomykorrhizen gekalkter Fichtenbestände. Diss Univ München. Gronbach E (1988) Charakterisierung und Identifizierung von Ektomykorrhizen in einem Fichtenbestand mit Untersuchungen zur Merkmalsvariabilität in sauer beregneten Flächen. Bibl Mycol 125: 1-217. Weiss M (1988) Ektomykorrhizen von Picea abies. Synthese, Ontogenie und Reaktion auf Umweltschadstoffe. Diss Univ München. |
|
| • length | |
| 3 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 15 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • ramification presence-type | |
| monopodial-pinnate | |
| or | monopodial-pyramidal |
| or | irregularly pinnate, dichotomous-like |
| • ramification orders | |
| 0 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 1 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 2 | Maximum value |
| • main axis diameter | |
| 0.4 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.6 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence | |
| absent | |
| • rhizomorphs presence | |
| present | |
| • rhizomorphs frequency | |
| abundant | |
| • exploration type | |
| medium distance fringe | |
| • shape | |
| bent | |
| or | sinuous |
| • shape {of distal end} | |
| not inflated, cylindric | |
| • length | |
| 0 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • diameter | |
| 0.2 mm | Minimum value |
| 0.3 mm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 0.4 mm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 0.5 mm | Maximum value |
| • colour | |
| yellow | |
| or | green |
| • very tip colour | |
| yellowish | |
| • older parts colour | |
| brown | |
| or | green |
| • mantle cortical cells visibility | |
| not visible | |
| • mantle {distinct} surface visibility | |
| present | |
| • mantle transparency | |
| not transparent | |
| • mantle laticifers visibility | |
| absent | |
| • mantle dots presence-colour | |
| absent | |
| • mantle carbonizing presence | |
| absent | |
| • mantle surface {in general} habit | |
| silvery | |
| or | not smooth |
| • mantle surface {in detail} kind | |
| densely woolly | |
| or | loosely woolly |
| or | loosely stringy |
| • emanating hyphae presence | |
| present | |
| • emanating hyphae abundance | |
| abundant | |
| • emanating hyphae distribution | |
| not specifically distributed | |
| or | concentrated proximally |
| • cross-section shape | |
| round or roundish | |
| or | flat |
| • colour | |
| concolourous to mantle | |
| • ramification kind-frequency | |
| repeatedly into smaller filaments | |
| • connection to mantle kind | |
| oblique | |
| • origin location | |
| not specific | |
| or | distal |
| • margin habit | |
| hairy | |
| • dimorphism presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • emanating elements presence-type | |
| rhizomorphs | |
| • blue granules presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • matrix presence | |
| present | |
| • matrix location | |
| inner mantle layer | |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • mantle type | |
| ring-like arrangement of hyphal bundles (type A) | |
| • hyphal system kind | |
| undifferentiated | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell shape | |
| cylindric, constricted at septa | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| absent | |
| and | membranaceously yellowish |
| and | plasmatically brownish |
| • cell contents presence-kind | |
| {in some cells} homogeneous, brownish | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 3 µm | Minimum value |
| 4 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 7 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell length | |
| 12 µm | Minimum value |
| 20 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 50 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 80 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell wall thickness | |
| 0.2 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • drops of exuded pigment presence | |
| absent | |
| and | present |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| plectenchymatous, ring-like | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| membranaceously yellowish | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 4 µm | Minimum value |
| 5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 8 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 12 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell wall thickness | |
| 0.2 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| • organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| or | plectenchymatous with pseudoparenchymatous nests of cells |
| • matrix kind | |
| not gelatinous | |
| • hyphae arrangement | |
| ring-like | |
| • septa clamps presence | |
| absent | |
| • cell diameter | |
| 2 µm | Minimum value |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 7 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 11 µm | Maximum value |
| • cell length | |
| 5 µm | Minimum value |
| 10 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 40 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 60 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation | |
| like other parts of mantle | |
| • anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} hyphae diameter | |
| 1.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 2.5 µm | Maximum value |
| • mantle thickness {apart from tip} | |
| 15 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 40 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 45 µm | Maximum value |
| • mantle different layers presence | |
| not discernable | |
| • outer mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • middle mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 7 µm | Maximum value |
| • inner mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • unlayered mantle hyphae tangentially length | |
| 2 µm | Minimum value |
| 4 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 28 µm | Maximum value |
| • unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 8 µm | Maximum value |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • rows number | |
| 1 | Mean (= average) |
| 2 | Maximum value |
| • shape | |
| tangentially-oval, -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis | |
| • tangentially length | |
| 25 µm | Minimum value |
| 40 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 110 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 130 µm | Maximum value |
| • radially diameter | |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 22 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 25 µm | Maximum value |
| • mean tangenial length TCt | |
| 34.8 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • mean shape-ratio TCq | |
| 3 | Mean (= average) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented obliquely | |
| or | tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length | |
| 30 µm | Minimum value |
| 50 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 120 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 130 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter | |
| 10 µm | Minimum value |
| 14 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 40 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 45 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt) | |
| 84.9 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq) | |
| 2.7 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2.9 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • kind | |
| protruding towards endodermis | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape | |
| roundish | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 6 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 17 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around tannin cells number | |
| one | |
| or | two |
| or | three |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| roundish | |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness | |
| 1.5 µm | Minimum value |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number | |
| one | |
| • lobes width | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • mantle different layers presence | |
| not discernible | |
| • outer mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • middle mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • inner mantle layer organisation | |
| plectenchymatous | |
| • unlayered mantle hyphae tangentially length | |
| 2 µm | Minimum value |
| 4 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 10 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 28 µm | Maximum value |
| • unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter | |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 8 µm | Maximum value |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • rows number | |
| 1 | Mean (= average) |
| 2 | Maximum value |
| • shape | |
| tangentially-oval to tangentially-elliptic | |
| • tangentially length | |
| 17 µm | Minimum value |
| 20 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 46 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 50 µm | Maximum value |
| • radially diameter | |
| 6 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 22 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 25 µm | Maximum value |
| • mean tangential length TCt | |
| 34.8 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 38.6 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • mean shape-ratio TCq | |
| 3 | Mean (= average) |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| round | |
| or | tangentially-oval to tangentially-elliptic |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length | |
| 10 µm | Minimum value |
| 20 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 40 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 60 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter | |
| 10 µm | Minimum value |
| 14 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 40 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 45 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt | |
| 32.3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 32.5 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq | |
| 1.1 | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 1.4 | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape | |
| roundish | |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness | |
| 2 µm | Minimum value |
| 2.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 6 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around tannin cells number | |
| one | |
| or | two |
| or | three |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape | |
| roundish | |
| or | cylindrical |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells thickness | |
| 1.5 µm | Minimum value |
| 2 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 3 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number | |
| one | |
| • structure {in plan view} | |
| of palmetti type | |
| • intrahyphal hyphae presence | |
| absent | |
| • septal pores configuration | |
| globular thickenings | |
| • backwards-oriented ramifications presence | |
| present | |
| • anastomoses type | |
| closed by a clamp, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking (contact-clamp) | |
| • shape | |
| not striking | |
| • cell pigment location-colour | |
| absent | |
| or | membranaceously yellowish |
| or | plasmatically brownish |
| • drops of exuded pigment presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • kind | |
| acute | |
| • side-branches at septum number | |
| one side-branch at septum | |
| • clamps presence | |
| present | |
| • clamps blister-like structure {at basis} presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| present | |
| • abundance | |
| infrequent | |
| • distribution | |
| not specified | |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape | |
| even | |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end} | |
| simple | |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter | |
| 1.5 µm | Minimum value |
| 3 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 4 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 5 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length | |
| 20 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 90 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| 130 µm | Maximum value |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit | |
| smooth | |
| or | without lens-shaped appositions |
| or | without spindle-shaped appositions |
| • anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness | |
| 0.3 µm | Mean (= average) |
| • type | |
| undifferentiated; hyphae rather loosely woven and of uniform diameter (type A) |
|
| • nodia presence | |
| absent | |
| • internal nodia presence | |
| absent | |
| • gelatinous matrix presence | |
| absent | |
| • gelatinized hyphae presence | |
| absent | |
| • cup-like structures on surface presence | |
| absent | |
| • conical young side-branches presence | |
| absent | |
| • a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence | |
| absent | |
| • ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
| absent | |
| • anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence | |
| absent | |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence | |
| absent | |
| or | present |
| • {of ectomycorrhiza former} abundance | |
| occasionally present | |
| • shape | |
| globular | |
| • number {per cell} | |
| 2 | Mean (= average) |
| 6 | Maximum value |
| • shape | |
| round | |
| • diameter | |
| 1.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • length | |
| 1.5 µm | Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known) |
| 2 µm | Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known) |
| • presence | |
| absent | |
| • reaction with acid fuchsin presence | |
| absent | |
| or | present |
| • reaction with anilin presence | |
| absent | |
| • reaction with brillant-cresyl-blue presence | |
| present | |
| • reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence | |
| present | |
| • reaction with ethanol 70% presence | |
| absent | |
| • reaction with FeSO4 presence | |
| present | |
| • reaction with formol 40% presence | |
| absent | |
| • reaction with guaiac presence | |
| absent | |
| • reaction with KOH 10% presence | |
| absent | |
| or | present |
| • reaction with lactic acid presence | |
| absent | |
| • reaction with Melzer's reagent presence | |
| absent | |
| • reaction with phenole presence | |
| absent | |
| or | present |
| • reaction with phenole-aniline presence | |
| absent | |
| or | present |
| • reaction with ruthenium-red presence | |
| absent | |
| • reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence | |
| absent | |
| • reaction with toluidin blue presence | |
| present | |
| • geographic occurrence continent | |
| Europe | |
| • knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence | |
| unknown | |
| • plant family | |
| Pinaceae | |
| • plant genus | |
| Picea | |
| • plant habitat kind | |
| forests, woods | |
| • family | |
| Cortinariaceae | |
| • subgenus-section | |
| Dermocybe sect. Dermocybe | |
| • fruitbodies growth habit | |
| epigeous | |
| or | pileate-lamellate |
| • public notes | |
| Mycorrhizal ends yellow to olive-green, older parts olive-green to brown; drops of exuded pigment between outer mantle hyphae; spaces of mantle in section sometimes filled with yellow pigment; Hartig net in plan view relatively weakly ramified; autofluorescence of mantle in section with UV-filter bluish, some hyphae distinctly copper-orange, with blue-filter yellowish green and other hyphae slightly orange-green, with green-filter red; some mantle hyphae in Melzer's with distinctly brown contents, in KOH brownish contents becoming dark, mantle hyphae in FeSO4 yellowish green, contents of brownish hyphae becoming umbre, in brillant-cresyl-blue mantle greyish blue-green, in toluidin blue violet-blue, in cotton-blue greyish blue-green, in phenole-aniline slightly olive-green, in phenole slightly red, in acid fuchsin brownish, in NH4OH no reaction. | |