Polyporoletus sublividus Snell + Abies

– Item listing –

Literature

• references
  Agerer R, Beenken L, Ammirati J (1998) Polyporoletus sublividus Snell + Abies amabilis Forb. Descr Ectomyc 3: 85-91.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
9 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate [scarcely ramified]
• tips {per 10 mm} number
4     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification orders
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1     Maximum value
• abundance
  solitary or in small numbers
• main axis diameter
0.45 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.66 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• taste {after 2-3 min chewing}
  unknown
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
• rhizomorphs presence
  present
• rhizomorphs frequency
  infrequent [close to fruitbody abundant]
• exploration type
  medium distance smooth
Morphology of the unramified ends
• mantle hydrophobicity presence
  absent
• shape
  bent
• shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter
0.45 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.6 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
  brownish [slightly yellowish to brownish green]
or    yellowish [slightly yellowish to brownish green]
or    green [slightly yellowish to brownish green]
• very tip colour
  brownish [slightly yellowish to brownish green]
or    yellowish [slightly yellowish to brownish green]
or    greenish [slightly yellowish to brownish green]
• after injury colour
  unchanged
• older parts colour
  brownish
or    green
• mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
• mantle transparency
  not transparent
• mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
• mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
• mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
  not smooth
or    glistening
• mantle surface {in detail} kind
  densely stringy
or    loosely short-spiny [sometimes]
• emanating hyphae presence
  present
• emanating hyphae abundance
  infrequent
• emanating hyphae distribution
  not specifically distributed
Morphology of rhizomorphs
• diameter
0.01 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.33 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.6 mm    Maximum value
• cross-section shape
  round or roundish
• colour
  concolourous to mantle
• after injury colour
  unchanged
• ramification kind-frequency
  frequently, at restricted points
• connection to mantle kind
  distinct
• origin location
  proximal
• connection to substrate
  growing into the soil or organic layers
• margin habit
  smooth
or    hairy [at most slightly]
• dimorphism presence
  unknown
Morphology of sclerotia
• presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
• emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
or    emanating hyphae
or    cystidia
• emanating elements cystidia location
  on outer mantle layer
or    on rhizomorphs
• crystals presence
  absent
• blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
• anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
• completeness
  complete
• matrix presence
  present
• matrix location
  middle mantle layer
or    inner mantle layer
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• mantle type
  hyphae arranged net-like, with prominent cystidia (type D)
• matrix kind
  not applicable
• hyphae short protrusions presence
  absent
• hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence
  unknown
• hyphae hyphal junctions angle {between}
  unknown
• septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  thinner than walls
and    as thick as walls
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell shape
  cylindric, not constricted at septa
and    irregularly inflated or even beaded
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
and    plasmatically yellowish
and    epimembranaceously yellowish
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
• cell diameter
4 µm    Minimum value
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
30 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
65 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall thickness
1 µm    Minimum value
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Maximum value
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
and    with few soil particles
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  present
• pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
• presence
  present
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• matrix kind
  not gelatinous
• hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, without pattern
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
• cell diameter
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
13 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
20 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
55 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
• cell wall thickness
0.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous
• matrix kind
  not gelatinous
• hyphae arrangement
  without pattern
• septa thickness
  unknown
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell pigment location-colour
  absent
• cell diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
7.5 µm    Maximum value
• cell length
12 µm    Minimum value
27 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
60 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  like other parts of mantle
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} matrix kind
  not applicable
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} hyphae diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Maximum value
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
30 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
40 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• calyptra cell remnants presence
  present
• calyptra cell remnants type
  in one row
or    in two rows
or    close to root cells
• mantle different layers presence
  discernable
• outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous [some portions pseudoparenchymatous]
• outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
40 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
9 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• middle mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous [some portions pseudoparenchymatous]
• middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous [some portions pseudoparenchymatous]
• inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
49 µm    Maximum value
• inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• rows number
1     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2     Maximum value
• shape
  tangentially-oval, -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis
• tangentially length
45 µm    Minimum value
70 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
120 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• radially diameter
7 µm    Minimum value
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
17 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Maximum value
• mean tangenial length TCt
88.6 µm    Mean (= average)
• mean shape-ratio TCq
6.7     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
50 µm    Minimum value
65 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
110 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
15 µm    Minimum value
20 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
47 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
83 µm    Mean (= average)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
3.3     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• kind
  one or half a row of cortical cells adjoining endodermis free of Hartig net
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape
  roundish
or    beaded
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around tannin cells number
  one
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  roundish
or    cylindrical
or    beaded [weakly]
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
2 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
• structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type [weakly ramified]
• lobes width
2 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• lobes septa presence
  present
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
• intrahyphal hyphae presence
  present
• intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence
  unknown
• septal pores configuration
  globular thickenings
• backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  unknown
• backwards-oriented clamps presence
  unknown
• anastomoses type
  open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking
• anastomoses surface habit
  unknown
• anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls}
  unknown
• anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae}
  unknown
• anastomoses location
  not specified
Anatomy of cystidia

Anatomy of cystidia (type 1)
• type
  awl-shaped, bristle-like (type A)
• ramification presence-position
  absent
or    distal [infrequently]
• ramification type
  irregular
• branches ramification presence
  absent
• septa presence
  present
• septa kind
  simple
• septa distance {between}
  unknown
• septa number
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• basal clamp walls abruptly thick
  absent
• foot cell presence
  absent
• diameter {proximal}
3 µm    Minimum value
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter {distal}
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Maximum value
• length
25 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
60 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall colour
  absent
or    yellowish
• cell wall colour {relative to mantle cells}
  lacking or less intense
• cell wall thickness
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Maximum value
• cell wall thickness {relative to mantle cells}
  thicker
• cell wall evenness
  uneven in thickness
or    even in thickness
• surface habit
  smooth
• contents presence
  absent

Anatomy of emanating hyphae
• shape
  not striking
• cell pigment location-colour
  absent
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  unknown

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
• presence
  present
• kind
  unknown
• distance {from septum}
  unknown
• side-branches at septum number
  unknown
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae point of ramification thickness {relative to main part of branch}
  unknown

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
• clamps presence
  present
• clamps surface kind
  unknown
• clamps outline {in dorsal view}
  cylindric
• clamps width {relative to hypha in dorsal view}
  unknown
• clamps outline {in lateral view}
  as a semicircle
or    not constricted at contact point to subtending hyphal cell
• clamps width {relative to hypha in lateral view}
  thinner than
• clamps hole presence
  absent
• clamps blister-like structure {at basis} presence
  absent

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae
• presence
  present
• abundance
  abundant
• distribution
  unknown

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
  even
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
  unknown
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
40 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
70 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  smooth
or    with soil particles
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface structures shape
  not applicable
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
1 µm    Maximum value
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall layers number
  unknown
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness at tip {relative to remaining cell wall}
  unknown
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall {apart from tip} evenness
  uneven in thickness


Anatomy of the warts occouring on emanating hyphae
• presence
  absent
• length
  not applicable
Anatomy of rhizomorphs
• type
  differentiated; some hyphae very thick, which appear randomly distributed, pores of septa somtimes enlarged
(type D)
• nodia presence
  absent
• internal nodia presence
  absent
• gelatinous matrix presence
  present
• gelatinized hyphae presence
  present
• hyphae distinctly different diameter
  absent
• cup-like structures on surface presence
  absent
• conical young side-branches presence
  absent
• a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence
  absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
• contents presence-kind
  filled with brownish or yellowish substances
• ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  filled with brownish or yellowish substances
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  filled with brownish or yellowish substances
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  filled with brownish or yellowish substances
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  on central and peripheral hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  filled with brownish or yellowish substances
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
• anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs ladder-like hyphae presence
  absent
Anatomy of chlamydospores
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
• {of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Autofluorescence

• mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence
  present [outer layers greenish, inner layers bluish]
• mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
  present [greeish yellow throughout, but outer layers more intensely]
• mantle in section green-filter, 530-560 nm presence
  present [reddish throughout, outer layers more intensely]

Chemical reactions

• reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  present [thick-walled emanating hyphae distinctly blue]
• reaction with FeSO4 presence
  present [homogeneously filled hyphae of rhizomorphs greenish brown]
• reaction with guaiac presence
  present [rhizomorphs slightly buish, in particular central hyphae]
• reaction with KOH 10% presence
  present [changing from yellow to deep-yellow to almost orange]
• reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  amyloid
• amyloidity or dextrinoidity location
  mantle hyphae
or    some rhizomorph hyphae
or    patches of hyphal walls
or    cystidia
or    septa, globular thickenings of septa
• reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  present [cytoplasm of hyphae pink]
• reaction with water presence
  colour changing [rhizomorphs turning to reddish]

Ecology

• substrate
  in organic layer
• geographic occurrence continent
  North America
• knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

• plant family
  Pinaceae
• plant genus
  Abies
• plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

• family
  Scutigeraceae
• fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    pileate-porioid

DNA-Analysis

• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bands number
4     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 1. band from below number
470     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 2. band from below number
95     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 3. band from below number
72     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 4. band from below number
45     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bands number
3     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 1. band from below number
345     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 2. band from below number
260     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 3. band from below number
85     Mean (= average)

Remarks

• public notes
  EcoRI: 355 bp, 330 bp; TaqI: 2x245 bp, 83 bp, 62 bp, 45 bp

– Item listing –